'd

See also: Appendix:Variations of "d"

English

Etymology

Contraction of would or had.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d/
• (US) IPA^(key): /d/, [d], [d̚]

• Audio (US)

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• Audio (US)

  (file)

Verb

'd (clitic)

1. Contraction of had (marking the pluperfect tense).
2. (some dialects) Contraction of had, possessed.
   • Polly Von:

     She'd her apron wrapped about her and he took her for a swan.

3. Contraction of would, contraction of should.

   I’d like to help, but I have no time.

4. (colloquial) Contraction of did.

   Hey, where’d everybody go? Why’d they take off?

   Why the hell'd you do that?

Usage notes

• In most dialects, -’d for had is only used to mark the pluperfect tense (“I’d done something.”, “I had done something.”), and not to signify possession in the past (“I had something.”). Some dialects, however, use -’d for both.
• Compare -'d.

See also

• ’ll
• ’m
• ’re
• ’s (third person)
• ’ve

Anagrams

• d'

Romagnol

Alternative forms

• d'

Preposition

'd

1. Apocopic form of ad (“of”)