ébaucher
French
Etymology
From Middle French esbaucher (“to rough-hew, frame”), alteration (due to Middle French bauche (“beam, wooden crosspiece”)) of Old French esbosquier, esboskier (“to rough-hew beams”), from es- (“out”) + bosc (“wood, firewood”), from Frankish *bosk (“wood”), from Proto-Germanic *buskaz (“wood, thicket”). Cognate with Old French esbochier (“to prune grapes”), French bois (“wood”), bau (“beam”). More at bush, balk.
Pronunciation
- IPA: /e.bo.ʃe/
Verb
ébaucher
- (transitive) to sketch, rough out (a plan, picture); to draft (a piece of writing)
- (transitive) to start up (a conversation, friendship etc.)
- (reflexive) to form, take shape
- (reflexive) to open up, start up
Conjugation
Conjugation of ébaucher (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ébaucher | avoir ébauché | |||||
| gerund | en ébauchant | en ayant ébauché | |||||
| present participle | ébauchant | ||||||
| past participle | ébauché | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | ébauche | ébauches | ébauche | ébauchons | ébauchez | ébauchent |
| imperfect | ébauchais | ébauchais | ébauchait | ébauchions | ébauchiez | ébauchaient | |
| past historic1 | ébauchai | ébauchas | ébaucha | ébauchâmes | ébauchâtes | ébauchèrent | |
| future | ébaucherai | ébaucheras | ébauchera | ébaucherons | ébaucherez | ébaucheront | |
| conditional | ébaucherais | ébaucherais | ébaucherait | ébaucherions | ébaucheriez | ébaucheraient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | ébauche | ébauches | ébauche | ébauchions | ébauchiez | ébauchent |
| imperfect1 | ébauchasse | ébauchasses | ébauchât | ébauchassions | ébauchassiez | ébauchassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | ébauche | — | ébauchons | ébauchez | — | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
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