γονεύς

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From o-grade of the root of γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “to be born”) +‎ -εύς (-eús, “-er”, masculine agent noun suffix).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡo.něu̯s/ → /ɣoˈneɸs/ → /ɣoˈnefs/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡo.něu̯s/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɡoˈnews/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɣoˈneɸs/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ɣoˈnefs/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ɣoˈnefs/

Noun

γονεύς • (goneús) m (genitive γονέως); third declension

1. (mostly in plural) parent
   • 7th–6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Demeter 240
   • 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 235
   • 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 6.27
   • 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 178B
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.109
   • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 457D
2. progenitor, ancestor
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.91
   • 4th century BC, Isaeus, Ciron 32
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Generation of Animals 722A.8
   • 408 BCE – 334 BCE, Antiphanes Comicus, Collected Works 261

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ γονεύς; τοῦ γονέως (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ γονεύς ho goneús	τὼ γονῆ tṑ gonê	οἱ γονῆς / γονεῖς hoi gonês / goneîs
Genitive	τοῦ γονέως toû gonéōs	τοῖν γονέοιν toîn gonéoin	τῶν γονέων tôn gonéōn
Dative	τῷ γονεῖ tôi goneî	τοῖν γονέοιν toîn gonéoin	τοῖς γονεῦσῐ / γονεῦσῐν toîs goneûsi(n)
Accusative	τὸν γονέᾱ tòn gonéā	τὼ γονῆ tṑ gonê	τοὺς γονέᾱς toùs gonéās
Vocative	γονεῦ goneû	γονῆ gonê	γονῆς / γονεῖς gonês / goneîs
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “γονεύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “γονεύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• γονεύς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• γονεύς in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “γονεύς”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G1118 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • begetter idem, page 70.
  • parent idem, page 592.
  • procreator idem, page 644.
  • propagator idem, page 653.