κύμβαχος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

According to Leumann, the divergent meanings should be explained from an original substantival, technical sense. The formation favors this as well: compare especially οὐρίαχος (ouríakhos, “end of a spear”) and στόμαχος (stómakhos, “throat, gullet; stomach”). The form κύμβη (kúmbē, “drinking cup”) has been taken as the basis, but this is unconvincing. Other have started from a nasalized form of κυβή (kubḗ, “head”): this form without prenasalization shows that the word is Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kým.ba.kʰos/ → /ˈcym.ba.xos/ → /ˈcim.ba.xos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kým.ba.kʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkym.ba.kʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈcym.ba.xos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈcym.ba.xos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈcim.ba.xos/

Adjective

κῠ́μβᾰχος • (kúmbakhos) m or f (neuter κῠ́μβᾰχον); second declension

1. falling headfirst

Declension

Second declension of κῠ́μβᾰχος; κῠ́μβᾰχον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κῠ́μβᾰχος kúmbakhos	κῠ́μβᾰχον kúmbakhon		κῠμβᾰ́χω kumbákhō	κῠμβᾰ́χω kumbákhō		κῠ́μβᾰχοι kúmbakhoi	κῠ́μβᾰχᾰ kúmbakha
Genitive		κῠμβᾰ́χου kumbákhou	κῠμβᾰ́χου kumbákhou		κῠμβᾰ́χοιν kumbákhoin	κῠμβᾰ́χοιν kumbákhoin		κῠμβᾰ́χων kumbákhōn	κῠμβᾰ́χων kumbákhōn
Dative		κῠμβᾰ́χῳ kumbákhōi	κῠμβᾰ́χῳ kumbákhōi		κῠμβᾰ́χοιν kumbákhoin	κῠμβᾰ́χοιν kumbákhoin		κῠμβᾰ́χοις kumbákhois	κῠμβᾰ́χοις kumbákhois
Accusative		κῠ́μβᾰχον kúmbakhon	κῠ́μβᾰχον kúmbakhon		κῠμβᾰ́χω kumbákhō	κῠμβᾰ́χω kumbákhō		κῠμβᾰ́χους kumbákhous	κῠ́μβᾰχᾰ kúmbakha
Vocative		κῠ́μβᾰχε kúmbakhe	κῠ́μβᾰχον kúmbakhon		κῠμβᾰ́χω kumbákhō	κῠμβᾰ́χω kumbákhō		κῠ́μβᾰχοι kúmbakhoi	κῠ́μβᾰχᾰ kúmbakha
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		κῠμβᾰ́χως kumbákhōs			κῠμβᾰχώτερος kumbakhṓteros			κῠμβᾰχώτᾰτος kumbakhṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Noun

κῠ́μβᾰχος • (kúmbakhos) m (genitive κῠμβᾰ́χου); second declension

1. crown, crest of a helmet

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κῠ́μβᾰχος; τοῦ κῠμβᾰ́χου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κῠ́μβᾰχος ho kúmbakhos	τὼ κῠμβᾰ́χω tṑ kumbákhō	οἱ κῠ́μβᾰχοι hoi kúmbakhoi
Genitive	τοῦ κῠμβᾰ́χου toû kumbákhou	τοῖν κῠμβᾰ́χοιν toîn kumbákhoin	τῶν κῠμβᾰ́χων tôn kumbákhōn
Dative	τῷ κῠμβᾰ́χῳ tôi kumbákhōi	τοῖν κῠμβᾰ́χοιν toîn kumbákhoin	τοῖς κῠμβᾰ́χοις toîs kumbákhois
Accusative	τὸν κῠ́μβᾰχον tòn kúmbakhon	τὼ κῠμβᾰ́χω tṑ kumbákhō	τοὺς κῠμβᾰ́χους toùs kumbákhous
Vocative	κῠ́μβᾰχε kúmbakhe	κῠμβᾰ́χω kumbákhō	κῠ́μβᾰχοι kúmbakhoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “κύμβαχος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κύμβαχος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “κύμβαχος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• κύμβαχος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• κύμβαχος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN