μάρπτω
Ancient Greek edit
Etymology edit
A word without outer-Greek cognates. Note the glosses found in Hesychius βράψαι (brápsai, “to gather, spens; consume, hide, hunt”) and βράπτειν (bráptein, “to eat, hide, make disappear, remove”). With a different auslauting velar, we find βρακεῖν (brakeîn, “to understand, grasp”) and βράξαι (bráxai, “to drink, bite, gather”). The latter have been compared with Sanskrit मृशति (mṛśati, “to touch, handle”). However, the variation κ/π cannot be explained in Indo-European terms. Rather, the variants point to Pre-Greek origin.
Nikolaev rejects a pre-Greek etymology and instead reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *merkʷ-, to which he also assigns Latin merx (“goods, merchandise”) (with delabialization before s generalized throughout its paradigm) and Tocharian A märk- (“to take away”).[1]
Pronunciation edit
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /márp.tɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈmarp.to/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈmarp.to/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈmarp.to/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈmarp.to/
Verb edit
μᾰ́ρπτω • (márptō)
Inflection edit
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔμᾰρπτον | ἔμᾰρπτες | ἔμᾰρπτε(ν) | ἐμᾰ́ρπτετον | ἐμᾰρπτέτην | ἐμᾰ́ρπτομεν | ἐμᾰ́ρπτετε | ἔμᾰρπτον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐμᾰρπτόμην | ἐμᾰ́ρπτου | ἐμᾰ́ρπτετο | ἐμᾰ́ρπτεσθον | ἐμᾰρπτέσθην | ἐμᾰρπτόμεθᾰ | ἐμᾰ́ρπτεσθε | ἐμᾰ́ρπτοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | μᾰ́ρψω | μᾰ́ρψεις | μᾰ́ρψει | μᾰ́ρψετον | μᾰ́ρψετον | μᾰ́ρψομεν | μᾰ́ρψετε | μᾰ́ρψουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | μᾰ́ρψοιμῐ | μᾰ́ρψοις | μᾰ́ρψοι | μᾰ́ρψοιτον | μᾰρψοίτην | μᾰ́ρψοιμεν | μᾰ́ρψοιτε | μᾰ́ρψοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | μᾰ́ρψομαι | μᾰ́ρψῃ, μᾰ́ρψει |
μᾰ́ρψεται | μᾰ́ρψεσθον | μᾰ́ρψεσθον | μᾰρψόμεθᾰ | μᾰ́ρψεσθε | μᾰ́ρψονται | ||||
optative | μᾰρψοίμην | μᾰ́ρψοιο | μᾰ́ρψοιτο | μᾰ́ρψοισθον | μᾰρψοίσθην | μᾰρψοίμεθᾰ | μᾰ́ρψοισθε | μᾰ́ρψοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | μᾰρφήσομαι | μᾰρφήσῃ | μᾰρφήσεται | μᾰρφήσεσθον | μᾰρφήσεσθον | μᾰρφησόμεθᾰ | μᾰρφήσεσθε | μᾰρφήσονται | ||||
optative | μᾰρφησοίμην | μᾰρφήσοιο | μᾰρφήσοιτο | μᾰρφήσοισθον | μᾰρφησοίσθην | μᾰρφησοίμεθᾰ | μᾰρφήσοισθε | μᾰρφήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | μᾰ́ρψειν | μᾰ́ρψεσθαι | μᾰρφήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | μᾰ́ρψων | μᾰρψόμενος | μᾰρφησόμενος | |||||||||
f | μᾰ́ρψουσᾰ | μᾰρψομένη | μᾰρφησομένη | ||||||||||
n | μᾰ́ρψον | μᾰρψόμενον | μᾰρφησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms edit
- κᾰτᾰμᾰ́ρπτω (katamárptō)
- μᾰ́ρπτῐς (márptis)
- σῠμμᾰ́ρπτω (summárptō)
References edit
Further reading edit
- “μάρπτω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “μάρπτω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “μάρπτω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- μάρπτω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- μάρπτω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN