σφυρόν

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Conventionally connected with Proto-Indo-European *sperH-, although Pre-Greek, according to Beekes.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /spʰy.rón/ → /sɸyˈron/ → /sfiˈron/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /spʰy.rón/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /spʰyˈron/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /sɸyˈron/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /sfyˈron/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /sfiˈron/

Noun

σφῠρόν • (sphurón) n (genitive σφῠροῦ); second declension

1. (anatomy) ankle
2. lower part or edge, foothills of mountains

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ σφῠρόν; τοῦ σφῠροῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ σφῠρόν tò sphurón	τὼ σφῠρώ tṑ sphurṓ	τᾰ̀ σφῠρᾰ́ tà sphurá
Genitive	τοῦ σφῠροῦ toû sphuroû	τοῖν σφῠροῖν toîn sphuroîn	τῶν σφῠρῶν tôn sphurôn
Dative	τῷ σφῠρῷ tôi sphurôi	τοῖν σφῠροῖν toîn sphuroîn	τοῖς σφῠροῖς toîs sphuroîs
Accusative	τὸ σφῠρόν tò sphurón	τὼ σφῠρώ tṑ sphurṓ	τᾰ̀ σφῠρᾰ́ tà sphurá
Vocative	σφῠρόν sphurón	σφῠρώ sphurṓ	σφῠρᾰ́ sphurá
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἐπισφύριος (episphúrios)
• εὔσφυρος (eúsphuros)
• καλλίσφυρος (kallísphuros)
• λευκόσφυρος (leukósphuros)
• ῥοδόσφυρος (rhodósphuros)
• σφυρόομαι (sphuróomai)
• σφυρωτήρ (sphurōtḗr)
• τανύσφυρος (tanúsphuros)
• χλιδανόσφυρος (khlidanósphuros)

Further reading

• “σφυρόν”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σφυρόν in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN