вельми

Erzya

Verb

вельми • (veľmi)

1. third-person singular present/future indicative of вельмемс (veľmems)

Old Church Slavonic

Alternative forms

• велми (velmi)
• вел҄ьми (velʹĭmi)
• ⰲⰵⰾⱐⰿⰻ (velĭmi) — Glagolitic

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *velьmi. Cognates include Serbo-Croatian veoma, Slovak veľmi, Czech velmi, Belarusian вельмі (vjelʹmi), Ukrainian вельми (velʹmy) and Polish wielmi.

Adverb

вельми • (velĭmi)

1. very, very much

   Synonyms: мъногꙑ (mŭnogy), мъного (mŭnogo), ꙃѣло (dzělo), вьсьма (vĭsĭma), тврьдѣ (tvrĭdě)

2. strongly, loudly
   • from Похвала прѣдивьнаего пророка Илии by Clement of Ohrid:

     И рѫгаше сѧ имъ илиꙗ и рече· вельми оубо ꙁовѣте· еда бѫдѫтъ ꙁасъпали боꙃи ваши·

     I rǫgaše sę imŭ ilija i reče· velĭmi ubo zověte· eda bǫdǫtŭ zasŭpali bodzi vaši·

     Iliyah ridiculed them and said, precisely strongly call out, will your Gods really have fallen asleep?

Related terms

• велии (velii)
• великъ (velikŭ)
• вель- (velĭ-)

References

• Бояджиев, Андрей (2016) Старобългарска читанка‎^[1], София

Old East Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *velьmi.

Pronunciation

• (ca. 9^th CE) IPA^(key): /ʋɛlɪˈmi/
• (ca. 11^th CE) IPA^(key): /ʋʲɛlʲɪˈmʲi/
• (ca. 13^th CE) IPA^(key): /ʋʲɛːlʲˈmʲi/
• Hyphenation: ве‧ль‧ми

Adverb

вельми (velĭmi)

1. very, very much

Descendants

• Old Ruthenian: вельми (velʹmi), велми (velmi)
  • Belarusian: ве́льмі (vjélʹmi)
  • Carpathian Rusyn: ве́лми (vélmy)
  • Ukrainian: ве́льмі (vélʹmi)
• Russian: (archaic) вельми́ (velʹmí)

References

• Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “вельми, велми”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎^[2] (in Russian), volumes 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, велми column 240
• Zaliznjak, Andrej A. (2014) “Drevnerusskoje udarenije. Obščije svedenija i slovarʹ”, in Languages of Slavic Culture‎^[3] (in Russian), Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 249

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *velьmi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [vʲɪlʲˈmʲi]

Adverb

вельми́ • (velʹmí)

1. (archaic) very, much, very much

   Synonyms: о́чень (óčenʹ), весьма́ (vesʹmá)

Ukrainian

Etymology

Borrowed from Polish wielmi, from Proto-Slavic *velьmi. Replaced native Old East Slavic вельми (velĭmi), which would've produced **вільми (**vilʹmy).

Cognate with Belarusian ве́льмі (vjélʹmi).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʋɛlʲme]

• Audio

  (file)

Adverb

ве́льми • (vélʹmy)

1. very, much, very much

Further reading

• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “ве́льми”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1 (А – Г), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 348
• Hrinchenko, Borys, editor (1907–1909), “ве́льми”, in Словарь украинского языка [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Russian), Kyiv: Kievskaya starina
• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “ве́льми”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2012), “ве́льми”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 3 (відстава́ння – ґура́льня), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN