дитя
Russian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Old East Slavic дѣтѧ (dětę), from Proto-Slavic *dětę. The и of the first syllable in the singular is from дити́на (ditína), nowadays written дети́на (detína) by analogy with the accented де́ти (déti), with regular distant assimilation ѣ…и́ > и…и́. An alternative formulation by Šakhmatov (ѣ > и before a soft consonant) explains these forms more directly.
Alternative forms edit
- дитё (ditjó) — non-standard, partially declinable
Noun edit
дитя́ • (ditjá) n anim (genitive дитя́ти, nominative plural де́ти, genitive plural дете́й, relational adjective де́тский) (see note on oblique forms)
Usage notes edit
- The oblique cases of singular дитя, except for the accusative case, are never used in speech and seldom in modern prose writing, as many native speakers do not intuitively understand their exact inflectional roles in relation to дитя, and may consider them strange or even un-Russian. Instead, the corresponding cases of ребёнок (rebjónok) are used.
- The plural forms are standard and in common use, and serve as the normal plural forms of ребёнок (rebjónok).
Declension edit
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | дитя́△ ditjá△ |
де́ти△ déti△ |
genitive | дитя́ти* ditjáti* |
дете́й△ detéj△ |
dative | дитя́ти* ditjáti* |
де́тям△ détjam△ |
accusative | дитя́△ ditjá△ |
дете́й△ detéj△ |
instrumental | дитя́тей△*, дитя́тею△* ditjátej△*, ditjáteju△* |
детьми́△ detʹmí△ |
prepositional | дитя́ти* ditjáti* |
де́тях△ détjax△ |
△ Irregular.
* Not used.
Related terms edit
- де́тка (détka)
- детёныш (detjónyš)
- детёнок (detjónok) (rare)
- де́тский (détskij)
- детвора́ (detvorá)
- де́тство (détstvo)
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
дитя́ • (ditjá) n anim or n anim pl
- inflection of дитё (ditjó):
Ukrainian edit
Etymology edit
From Old East Slavic дѣтѧ (dětę), from Proto-Slavic *dětę.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
дитя́ • (dytjá) n pers (genitive дитя́ти, nominative plural дитя́та, genitive plural дитя́т, relational adjective дитя́чий, diminutive дитя́тко)
Declension edit
References edit
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “дитя”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- “дитя”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)