если
Eastern Mari edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Russian е́сли (jésli).
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
если • (jesĺi)
- Synonym of гын (gyn)
- если толат, ойлем
- jesĺi tolat, ojĺem
- if you come, I'll tell you
References edit
- J. Bradley et al. (2023) “если”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna
Russian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Old Ruthenian если, есьли, естли (esli, esʹli, estli) around XVI, from Old Polish jestli, jesli.[1][2] By surface analysis, есть (jestʹ) + ли (li).
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
е́сли • (jésli)
- if, in case
- Synonyms: е́жели (jéželi), ко́ли (kóli), коль (kolʹ), когда́ (kogdá)
- а е́сли ― a jésli ― if ever
- е́сли и ― jésli i ― even if
- е́сли то́лько ― jésli tólʹko ― only if
- 1956, “Подмосковные вечера (Moscow Suburban Evenings)”, Mikhail Matusovsky (lyrics), Vasily Solovyov-Sedoi (music)[2]:
- Если б знали вы, как мне дороги
Подмосковные вечера.- Jesli b znali vy, kak mne dorogi
Podmoskovnyje večera. - If ye would know, how dear [they are] to me
The Moscow suburban nights.
- Jesli b znali vy, kak mne dorogi
Usage notes edit
In Russian, the conjunction е́сли (jésli) can only be used to express a condition or hypothetical situation, while the conjunction ли (li) is used to express the meaning of whether. This is different from English, where if can be used for both.
Related terms edit
- е́сли бы (jésli by)
Descendants edit
- → Eastern Mari: если (jesĺi)
References edit
- ^ Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “если”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
- ^ Viktor Vinogradov ((Can we date this quote?)) “если”, in История слов[1]