крещя

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *krěščati (cf. Serbo-Croatian крије́штати) or *kręščati (Gerov), of onomatopoeic origin. By surface analysis, кря́сък (krjásǎk, “shout, cry”) +‎ -я (-ja).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [krɛʃˈtʲɤ̟]

Verb

крещя́ • (kreštjá) first-singular present indicative, impf

1. (intransitive) to shout, to scream, to yell, to cry

   крещя́ като подивя́л (intransitive) ― kreštjá kato podivjál ― to scream like a madman

2. to squawk, to shriek, to screech (of animals, typically birds)
3. (transitive) to shout out, to scold, to address loudly and fiercely

   крещя́ зло́бни оби́ди ня́кому (transitive) ― kreštjá zlóbni obídi njákomu ― to shout out resentful insults towards somebody

4. (expressive) to bray, to clamor (to make discordant harsh noises in result of irritation or rage)
5. (by extension, figurative) to announce in loud tone

Conjugation

    Conjugation of крещя́ (conjugation 2.2, imperfective, intransitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	крещя́щ kreštjášt	крещя́л kreštjál	крещя́л kreštjál	—		креще́йки kreštéjki
	definite subject form	крещя́щият kreštjáštijat	креще́лият kreštélijat	—	—
	definite object form	крещя́щия kreštjáštija	креще́лия kreštélija	—	—
feminine	indefinite	крещя́ща kreštjášta	крещя́ла kreštjála	крещя́ла kreštjála	—
	definite	крещя́щата kreštjáštata	крещя́лата kreštjálata	—	—
neuter	indefinite	крещя́що kreštjášto	крещя́ло kreštjálo	крещя́ло kreštjálo	—	креще́не krešténe
	definite	крещя́щото kreštjáštoto	крещя́лото kreštjáloto	—	—	креще́нето krešténeto
plural	indefinite	крещя́щи kreštjášti	креще́ли kreštéli	креще́ли kreštéli	—	креще́ния, креще́нета krešténija, krešténeta
	definite	крещя́щите kreštjáštite	креще́лите kreštélite	—	—	креще́нията, креще́нетата krešténijata, krešténetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		крещя́ kreštjá	крещи́ш kreštíš	крещи́ kreští	крещи́м kreštím	крещи́те kreštíte	крещя́т kreštját
imperfect		крещя́х kreštjáh	креще́ше kreštéše	креще́ше kreštéše	крещя́хме kreštjáhme	крещя́хте kreštjáhte	крещя́ха kreštjáha
aorist		крещя́х kreštjáh	крещя́ kreštjá	крещя́ kreštjá	крещя́хме kreštjáhme	крещя́хте kreštjáhte	крещя́ха kreštjáha
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and крещя́л m, крещя́ла f, крещя́ло n, or креще́ли pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and крещя́л m, крещя́ла f, крещя́ло n, or креще́ли pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and крещя́л m, крещя́ла f, крещя́ло n, or креще́ли pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and крещя́л m, крещя́ла f, крещя́ло n, or креще́ли pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and крещя́л m, крещя́ла f, крещя́ло n, or креще́ли pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and крещя́л m, крещя́ла f, крещя́ло n, or креще́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and крещя́л m, крещя́ла f, крещя́ло n, or креще́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and крещя́л m, крещя́ла f, крещя́ло n, or креще́ли pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and крещя́л m, крещя́ла f, крещя́ло n, or креще́ли pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and крещя́л m, крещя́ла f, крещя́ло n, or креще́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and крещя́л m, крещя́ла f, крещя́ло n, or креще́ли pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and крещя́л m, крещя́ла f, крещя́ло n, or креще́ли pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and крещя́л m, крещя́ла f, крещя́ло n, or креще́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and крещя́л m, крещя́ла f, крещя́ло n, or креще́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and крещя́л m, крещя́ла f, крещя́ло n, or креще́ли pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and крещя́л m, крещя́ла f, крещя́ло n, or креще́ли pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			крещи́ kreští			креще́те kreštéte

Derived terms

• изкрещя́ pf (izkreštjá), изкрещя́вам impf (izkreštjávam)
• закрещя́ pf (zakreštjá), закрещя́вам impf (zakreštjávam)
• накрещя́ се pf (nakreštjá se), накрещя́вам се impf (nakreštjávam se)
• покрещя́ pf (pokreštjá), покрещя́вам impf (pokreštjávam)
• разкрещя́ се pf (razkreštjá se), разкрещя́вам се impf (razkreštjávam se)
• креще́л (kreštél, “type of bird”) (dialectal)

Related terms

• кря́скам impf (krjáskam), кря́свам impf (krjásvam), кре́сна pf (krésna, “to scream out”)
• кря́кам (krjákam, “to quack, to shriek”)
• крик (krik, “shriek”) (dialectal)
  • кри́кам (kríkam), кри́ча (kríča, “to shriek, to cry”)

References

• “крещя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “крещя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “крещя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 5
• Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1901) “крѧщѭ́, -и́шь; -щѣ́лъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 4, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 36