Old East Slavic edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sobàka.

Pronunciation edit

  • (ca. 9th CE) IPA(key): /sɔˈbɑkɑ/
  • (ca. 11th CE) IPA(key): /sɔˈbaka/
  • (ca. 13th CE) IPA(key): /sɔˈbaka/
  • Hyphenation: со‧ба‧ка

Noun edit

собака (sobakam

  1. dog

Declension edit

Descendants edit

References edit

  • Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912), “собака”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎[1] (in Russian), volume 3 (Р – Ꙗ и дополненія), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 455

Old Ruthenian edit

 
соба́ка

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old East Slavic соба́ка (sobáka), further borrowed from Middle Iranian dialectal *sabāka-, from Proto-Medo-Parthian *spā́kəh, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *cwā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ. Cognates include Russian соба́ка (sobáka), Old Median σπάκα (spā́kəʰ), Old Armenian ասպակ (aspak), Sanskrit शुनक (śunaka) and Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬐𐬀 (spaka).

Noun edit

собака (sobakam animal or f animal (related adjective собачїй, diminutive собачка)

  1. dog
    Synonym: песъ (pes)

Declension edit

Related terms edit

Descendants edit

Further reading edit

  • Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (1978), “собака”, in Словник староукраїнської мови XIV–XV ст. [Dictionary of the Old Ukrainian Language of the 14ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Н – Ѳ), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 365
  • Bulyka, A. M., editor (2012), “собака, сабака”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), issue 32 (смыковати – струмень), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 20

Russian edit

 
Russian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ru
 
Соба́ка

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old East Slavic собака (sobaka), from Proto-Slavic *sobaka, derived from Middle Iranian *sabāka-, from West Iranian *spaka, from Proto-Iranian *cwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ; compare Zoroastrian Dari [script needed] (sabah), Old Median σπάκα (spā́kəʰ) [the source of Old Armenian ասպակ (aspak, dog)], Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬐𐬀 (spaka, dog-like). Cognates include Ukrainian соба́ка (sobáka), Belarusian саба́ка (sabáka), Polish sobaka (dialectal), Kashubian sobaka (bitch (female dog); dissolute man), Sanskrit शुनक (śunaka).

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [sɐˈbakə]
  • (file)

Noun edit

соба́ка (sobákaf anim (genitive соба́ки, nominative plural соба́ки, genitive plural соба́к, relational adjective соба́чий, diminutive соба́чка)

  1. dog
    Synonym: пёс (pjos)
    сторожева́я соба́каstoroževája sobákawatchdog
    дворо́вая соба́каdvoróvaja sobákacur, mongrel, mutt
    Вот где соба́ка зарыта!Vot gde sobáka zaryta!Now I see it!
    Его́ ка́ждая соба́ка зна́етJevó káždaja sobáka znájetEveryone knows him. (literally, “Every dog knows him”)
    голо́дный как соба́каgolódnyj kak sobákaas hungry as a dog; wolfish, rapacious
    замёрзнуть как соба́каzamjórznutʹ kak sobákato be chilled to the marrow
    злой как соба́каzloj kak sobákamad as hell (literally, “vicious as a dog”)
    ну́жный как соба́ке пя́тая нога́núžnyj kak sobáke pjátaja nogáneeded like a hole in the head (literally, “needed like a dog needs a fifth leg”)
    соба́ка на се́неsobáka na sénedog in the manger
    соба́ку съестьsobáku sʺjestʹto know something inside out
    уста́ть как соба́каustátʹ kak sobákato be dog-tired
  2. hound
    соба́ка-ище́йкаsobáka-iščéjkabloodhound
  3. (derogatory, figuratively) mongrel, cur, bastard (a detestable person)
  4. (colloquial, figuratively) fox (a clever, capable person)
  5. (Internet) @ (at sign)
  6. (computing slang) watchdog timer

Declension edit

Hyponyms edit

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

See also edit

References edit

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “собака”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. & suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress


Ukrainian edit

 
Ukrainian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia uk
 
собака

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Ruthenian соба́ка (sobáka), from Old East Slavic собака (sobaka), from Proto-Slavic *sobaka, derived from Middle Iranian *sabāka-, from West Iranian *spaka, from Proto-Iranian *cwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

соба́ка (sobákam animal or f animal (genitive соба́ки, nominative plural соба́ки, genitive plural соба́к, diminutive соба́чка)

  1. dog (animal)
    Synonyms: (poetic) пес (pes), су́ка (súka, female dog)

Declension edit

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

Noun edit

соба́ка (sobákam pers or f pers (genitive соба́ки, nominative plural соба́ки, genitive plural соба́к)

  1. (figuratively, derogatory) scoundrel, detestable person

Declension edit

References edit