яд
Bulgarian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Slavic *jadъ (“anger, hate”).
Noun edit
яд • (jad) m
- anger, hate, fury, strong irritation (emotion)
- (figurative) nuisance, trouble, unfortune (something that triggers hate, irritation)
- бе́ра ядове́ ― béra jadové ― to get into trouble/to bear unfortunes
Declension edit
Declension of яд
Derived terms edit
- ядо́свам impf (jadósvam), ядо́сам pf (jadósam, “to enfuriate, to enrage”)
- ядови́т (jadovít, “wrathful”)
- я́ден (jáden), ядо́сан (jadósan, “angry, enraged”)
Related terms edit
- о́вад (óvad, “predatory insect”) (dialectal, possibly)
References edit
- “яд¹”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “яд (1)”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Church Slavonic ꙗдъ (jadŭ), reflecting Proto-Slavic *(j)ědъ (“poison”).
Noun edit
яд • (jad) m
- (dated, uncountable) poison, venom
- Synonym: отро́ва (otróva)
- (figurative) evil intent, malice, grudge
Declension edit
Declension of яд
Derived terms edit
- ядови́т (jadovít, “poisonous”) (dated)
References edit
- “яд²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “яд (2)”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- ꙗдъ in Исторически речник на Българския език, Sofia University "St. Clement Ohridsky"
Etymology 3 edit
Conflation of Proto-Slavic *ědъ (“eater”), *ěda (“eating”), *ědь f (“food”) (i-stem).
Noun edit
яд • (jad) m
- (in compounds) eater (one who eats)
- Synonym: я́дец (jádec)
- (dated) eating, consumption
- (dated) food, consumable
Declension edit
Declension of яд
Alternative forms edit
Derived terms edit
- дървоя́д (dǎrvojád, “wood-eater”) (epithet for larvae of some beetles)
- кожоя́д (kožojád, “skin beetle, dermestid”)
- короя́д (korojád, “bark-eater”) (epithet for larvae of some beetles)
- лешоя́д (lešojád, “vulture”) (bird)
- листоя́д (listojád, “leaf beetle, chrysomelid”)
- медoя́д (medojád, “honey-eater”) (epithet for bears)
- мравоя́д (mravojád, “ant-eater”) (mammal)
- плодоя́д (plodojád, “fruitcrow”) (bird)
- пчелоя́д (pčelojád, “bee-eater”) (bird)
- рибоя́д (ribojád, “fish-eater”) (bird)
- цветоя́д (cvetojád, “flowerpecker”) (bird)
- човекоя́д (čovekojád, “man-eater, cannibal”)
- всея́ден (vsejáden, “omnivorous”)
- месоя́ден (mesojáden, “carnivorous”)
- насекомоя́ден (nasekomojáden, “insectivorous”)
- мършоя́ден (mǎršojáden, “scavanger, carcass-eating”)
- гъбоя́ден (gǎbojáden, “mucivorous”)
- растителноя́ден (rastitelnojáden, “herbivorous”)
- дървоя́ден (dǎrvojáden, “xylophagous”)
- листоя́ден (listojáden, “folivorous”)
- плодоя́ден (plodojáden, “frugivorous”)
- нектароя́ден (nektarojáden, “nectarivorous”)
- тревоя́ден (trevojáden, “graminivorous”)
- зърноя́ден (zǎrnojáden, “granivorous”)
Related terms edit
References edit
- ꙗдь in Исторически речник на Българския език, Sofia University "St. Clement Ohridsky"
Lezgi edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Lezghian *ʎ:än:.
Noun edit
яд • (äd)
- Alternative form of йад (jad)
Declension edit
Inflection of яд (äd) | ||
---|---|---|
singular
|
plural
| |
absolutive | яд (äd) | ядяр (ädär) |
ergative | ядди (äddi) | ядйри (ädjri) |
genitive | яддин (äddin) | ядйрин (ädjrin) |
dative | яддиз (äddiz) | ядйриз (ädjriz) |
adessive | яддив (äddiv) | ядйрив (ädjriv) |
adelative | яддивай (äddivaj) | ядйривай (ädjrivaj) |
addirective | яддивди (äddivdi) | ядйривди (ädjrivdi) |
postessive | яддихъ (äddiq) | ядйрихъ (ädjriq) |
postelative | яддихъай (äddiqaj) | ядйрихъай (ädjriqaj) |
postdirective | яддихъди (äddiqdi) | ядйрихъди (ädjriqdi) |
subessive | яддик (äddik) | ядйрик (ädjrik) |
subelative | яддикай (äddikaj) | ядйрикай (ädjrikaj) |
subdirective | яддикди (äddikdi) | ядйрикди (ädjrikdi) |
inessive | ядда (ädda) | ядйра (ädjra) |
inelative | яддай (äddaj) | ядйрай (ädjraj) |
superessive | яддал (äddal) | ядйрал (ädjral) |
superelative | яддалай (äddalaj) | ядйралай (ädjralaj) |
superdirective | яддалди (äddaldi) | ядйралди (ädjraldi) |
Russian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old East Slavic ядъ (jadŭ) / ѣдъ (ědŭ), from Proto-Slavic *ědъ.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
яд • (jad) m inan (genitive я́да, nominative plural я́ды, genitive plural я́дов)
- poison, venom
- (figuratively) something or someone that has a harmful effect on someone
Declension edit
Synonyms edit
- отра́ва (otráva)
Derived terms edit
- противоя́дие (protivojádije)
- ядови́тый (jadovítyj)
Descendants edit
- → Ingrian: jaadu
References edit
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “яд”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. & suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
Ukrainian edit
Alternative forms edit
- (obsolete) їд (jid)
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Ruthenian ꙗдъ, ѣдъ (jad, jěd), from Old East Slavic ꙗдъ, ѣдъ (jadŭ, ědŭ), from Proto-Slavic *ědъ.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
яд • (jad) m inan (genitive я́да, nominative plural я́ди, genitive plural я́дів)
Declension edit
Declension of яд (inan hard masc-form accent-a)
Derived terms edit
- ядови́тий (jadovýtyj)
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “яд”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- “яд”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
- “яд”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
- “яд”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)