ят

See also: ат and -ат

Bashkir

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *yāt (“alien, foreign, unfamiliar”).

Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (jat, “alien, foreign”), Kazakh жат (jat), Uzbek yot (“alien, foreign”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [jɑt]
• Hyphenation: ят (one syllable)

Adjective

ят • (yat)

1. alien, strange, foreign (not recognized as familiar, a friend or part of one's community)
2. unfamiliar

   Ә бына шәхси ҡунаҡхана асыу — уныһы инде беҙҙең өсөн бөтөнләй ят күренеш.

   Ə bına şəxsi qunaqxana asıw — unıhı inde beźźeñ ösön bötönləy yat küreneş.

   However, to open up a private hotel is a phenomenon completely unfamiliar to us.

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Old Church Slavonic ѣть (ětĭ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ja̟t]
• Homophone: яд (jad)

Noun

ят • (jat) m (relational adjective я́тов)

1. (linguistics) Yat: a former letter of the Bulgarian alphabet, representing a sound between [æ] and [ɛ] and written as Ѣ/ѣ.

   Synonym: е дво́йно (e dvójno)

   Ят е стара буква в българския език и вече не се ползва в новия правопис.

   Jat e stara bukva v bǎlgarskija ezik i veče ne se polzva v novija pravopis.

   Yat is an old letter of the Bulgarian language and is no longer used in the new orthography.

Usage notes

• Its pronunciation in modern Bulgarian varies between that of я (ja) and е (e), e.g. млѣко (mlěko) is realized either as мляко (mljako) or млеко (mleko).
• The pronunciation of yat forms a major isogloss between Western and Eastern varieties of Bulgarian: in Western ones, it came to be pronounced as е (e), whereas in Eastern ones, as я (ja). Standard Bulgarian incorporates a mixture of both pronunciations in words that feature it.
• In Standard Bulgarian, words that historically had yat in their root are pronounced using я (ja) in their lemma form, but using е (e) in plural forms: for instance, млѣко (mlěko) is rendered as мляко (mljako) in the singular, but млека́ (mleká) in the plural.

Declension

Declension of ят

	singular	plural
indefinite	ят jat	я́тове játove
definite (subject form)	я́тът játǎt	я́товете játovete
definite (object form)	я́та játa
count form	—	я́та játa

See also

• свръхя́кане (svrǎhjákane)
• я́това гра́ница (játova gránica)

References

• “ят”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “ят”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• “ят”, in Български тълковен речник [Bulgarian Explanatory Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), fourth edition, Sofia: Nauka i Izkustvo, 2005, page 1093

Chuvash

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *āt.

Noun

ят • (jat) (plural ятсем) 

1. name

   эсӗ мӗн ятлӑ ― es̬ĕ mĕn jatlă ― what is your name?

Further reading

• “ят”, in Электронлă сăмахсар‎^[1] (overall work in Russian and Chuvash), 1996.

Erzya

Etymology

Borrowed from Tatar ят (yat, “alien, foreign”).

Noun

ят • (jat)

1. enemy

   Synonyms: душман (dušman), вардо (vardo)

2. alien, stranger

Declension

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Adjective

ят • (jat)

1. alien, strange

References

• B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “ят”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN