Armenian edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Old Armenian թառամ (tʻaṙam).

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

թառամ (tʻaṙam) (superlative ամենաթառամ)

  1. withered
  2. (figuratively) faded, withered

Declension edit

Old Armenian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *tr̥s-, the zero-grade of *ters- (dry).

The alternative form թարշամ- (tʻaršam-), found in թարշամիմ (tʻaršamim), is from the same source. This twofold reflex is considered to be one of the oldest traces of early dialectal diversity. It has been variously explained by a different stem formation (*tr̥sy-, compare Sanskrit तृष्यति (tṛṣyati)),[1] the influence of the Iranian cognate[2] (compare Proto-Iranian *tŕ̥šnah (thirst), Old Armenian թաշկինակ (tʻaškinak)), or the operation of the ruki-rule.[2]

According to Kölligan, the -ամ (-am) part may be identical with ամ (am, year), whose cognates show the meaning ‘summer’; the compound would then mean ‘having a dry summer’, applied to plants ‘exposed to a dry summer’ whence ‘dried, withered’.[3]

Adjective edit

թառամ (tʻaṙam)

  1. withered, shrivelled
    • 5th century, Łazar Pʿarpecʿi, Patmutʿiwn Hayocʿ [History of Armenia] 17:[4][5]
      ոստք չորք ձիթենւոյն [] որոց չորեցունց պտուղքն վտիտք էին և թառամք
      ostkʻ čʻorkʻ jitʻenwoyn [] orocʻ čʻorecʻuncʻ ptułkʻn vtitkʻ ēin ew tʻaṙamkʻ
      • Translation by Robert W. Thomson
        the four branches of the olive-tree [] of these four the fruit was meagre and shrivelled
    • 5th century, Łazar Pʿarpecʿi, Patmutʿiwn Hayocʿ [History of Armenia] 17:[4][5]
      Եւ զի տեսեր զպտուղ ոստոցն թառամս և ծնկեալս և ոչինչ բնաւ նմանս ա՛յլ պտղոցն որ ի ձիթենւոջն էին
      Ew zi teser zptuł ostocʻn tʻaṙams ew cnkeals ew očʻinčʻ bnaw nmans áyl ptłocʻn or i jitʻenwoǰn ēin
      • Translation by Robert W. Thomson
        Now because you saw the fruit of the branches to be shrivelled and lean and not at all similar to the other fruit that was on the olive-tree

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

  • Armenian: թառամ (tʻaṙam)

References edit

  1. ^ Pedersen, Holger (1906) “Armenisch und die Nachbarsprachen”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der Indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume 39, number 3, page 413
  2. 2.0 2.1 Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 281
  3. ^ Kölligan, Daniel (2020) “Etyma Armeniaca”, in Claire Le Feuvre & Daniel Petit, editors, Ὀνομάτων ἵστωρ, Mélanges offerts à Charles de Lamberterie (Collection linguistique de la Société de linguistique de Paris; 106), Leuven, Paris: Peeters, page 75
  4. 4.0 4.1 Łazar Pʻarpecʻi (1904) G. Tēr-Mkrtčʻean and St. Malxasean, editors, Patmutʻiwn Hayocʻ ew tʻułtʻ aṙ Vahan Mamikonean [History of Armenia and Letter to Vahan Mamikonian] (Patmagirkʻ hayocʻ; I.4), Tiflis: Aragatip Mnacʻakan Martiroseancʻi, page 33
  5. 5.0 5.1 Thomson, Robert W. (1991) The History of Łazar Pʿarpecʿi (Columbia University Program in Armenian Studies. Suren D. Fesjian Academic Publications; 4)‎[1], Atlanta, Georgia: Scholars Press, page 68

Further reading edit

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “թառամ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, pages 155–156
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “թառամ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “թառամ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy