թեշի
Armenian edit
Alternative forms edit
- թէշի (tʿēši) — traditional orthography, dialectological notation
- թեշիկ (tʿešik) — Akhaltsikhe, Erzurum
Etymology edit
An Iranian, probably Kurdish borrowing: compare Northern Kurdish teşî, Central Kurdish تەشی (teşî), تەشوو (teşû), Southern Kurdish تەشی (teşî), Laki تەشی (teşî), تەشۊنِک (teşünik, “spindle”). Also from Kurdish: Hulaulá taši (“hand-spindle”),[1][2] Chaldean Neo-Aramaic ܬܲܫܝܼܵܐ (taššiya, “spindle”),[3][4] Lishán Didán taši, tašši (“distaff”).[5][6] Dialectal Turkish terşi, teşi, teşik, tişe (“apparatus for skeining wool”), dialectal Azerbaijani teşi (“spindle”) are usually considered Armenian borrowings.[7][8][9][10] The Kurdish too is often treated as an Armenian loan,[8][11] but the opposite direction of borrowing is more likely because թեշի(կ) (tʿeši(k)) is not attested in Old or Middle Armenian and is limited to a few dialects, while the Kurdish is present in Central and Southern varieties and has a plausible native etymology (see below).
Ultimately probably from Proto-Iranian *častra- (“spindle”), whence also Munji čašīkȧ, čéša, Yidgha [script needed] (čɛšo), Pashto څاښی (śāẍay), څاشی (śāšay), Yagnobi ташк (tašk), Ormuri [script needed] (tisk, “spindle”),[12][13][14][15] Shahrudi taši, teši (“twister, spindle”). Note that the *č- → t- dissimilation is regular in Kurdish.[16]
Pronunciation edit
- (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [tʰeˈʃi]
- (Western Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [tʰeˈʃi]
- Hyphenation: թե‧շի
Noun edit
թեշի • (tʿeši)
Declension edit
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | թեշի (tʿeši) | թեշիներ (tʿešiner) | ||
dative | թեշու (tʿešu) | թեշիների (tʿešineri) | ||
ablative | թեշուց (tʿešucʿ) | թեշիներից (tʿešinericʿ) | ||
instrumental | թեշով, թեշիով (tʿešov, tʿešiov) | թեշիներով (tʿešinerov) | ||
locative | թեշում, թեշիում (tʿešum, tʿešium) | թեշիներում (tʿešinerum) | ||
definite forms | ||||
nominative | թեշին (tʿešin) | թեշիները/թեշիներն (tʿešinerə/tʿešinern) | ||
dative | թեշուն (tʿešun) | թեշիներին (tʿešinerin) | ||
1st person possessive forms (my) | ||||
nominative | թեշիս (tʿešis) | թեշիներս (tʿešiners) | ||
dative | թեշուս (tʿešus) | թեշիներիս (tʿešineris) | ||
ablative | թեշուցս (tʿešucʿs) | թեշիներիցս (tʿešinericʿs) | ||
instrumental | թեշովս, թեշիովս (tʿešovs, tʿešiovs) | թեշիներովս (tʿešinerovs) | ||
locative | թեշումս, թեշիումս (tʿešums, tʿešiums) | թեշիներումս (tʿešinerums) | ||
2nd person possessive forms (your) | ||||
nominative | թեշիդ (tʿešid) | թեշիներդ (tʿešinerd) | ||
dative | թեշուդ (tʿešud) | թեշիներիդ (tʿešinerid) | ||
ablative | թեշուցդ (tʿešucʿd) | թեշիներիցդ (tʿešinericʿd) | ||
instrumental | թեշովդ, թեշիովդ (tʿešovd, tʿešiovd) | թեշիներովդ (tʿešinerovd) | ||
locative | թեշումդ, թեշիումդ (tʿešumd, tʿešiumd) | թեշիներումդ (tʿešinerumd) |
References edit
- ^ Khan, Geoffrey (2004) The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Sulemaniyya and Ḥalabja (Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics; 44), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 615b
- ^ Khan, Geoffrey (2009) The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Sanandaj (Gorgias Neo-Aramaic Studies; 10), Gorgias Press, →ISBN, pages 182, 615
- ^ Coghill, Eleanor (2003) The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Alqosh (PhD thesis)[1], University of Cambridge, page 222
- ^ “ܬܫܝܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2019 May 12 (last accessed)
- ^ Garbell, Irene (1965) The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Persian Azerbaijan (Janua Linguarum. Series Practica; 3), London, The Hague, Paris: Mouton & Co., page 336
- ^ Khan, Geoffrey (2008) The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Urmi (Gorgias Neo-Aramaic Studies; 2), Gorgias Press, page 599
- ^ Gayayan, Harutʿyun (1977) “Gorgagorcutʿyan meǰ kiraṙvoġ hayeren pʿoxaṙyal baṙer tʿurkʿerenum [Armenian Borrowings in Turkish, Used in Carpet Making]”, in Lraber Hasarakakan Gitutyunneri [Herald of the Social Sciences][2] (in Armenian), number 8, pages 97–98
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Dankoff, Robert (1995) Armenian Loanwords in Turkish (Turcologica; 21), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, pages 47–48
- ^ Bläsing, Uwe (1995) Armenisch-Türkisch. Etymologische Betrachtungen ausgehend von Materialien aus dem Hemşingebiet (Dutch Studies in Armenian Language and Literature; 4) (in German), Amsterdam and Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 45
- ^ Eren, Hasan (1999) “teşi, teşik”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language] (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, page 405
- ^ Cabolov, R. L. (2010) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 384–385
- ^ Андреев, М. С., Пещерева, Е. М. (1957) “tašk”, in Ягнобские тексты с приложением ягнобско-русского словаря, составленного М. С. Андреевым, В. А. Лившицем и А. К. Писарчи [Yagnobi Texts with a Yagnobi–Russian Dictionary Compiled by M. S. Andrejev, V. A. Livšic and A. K. Pisarči][3] (in Russian), Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, page 333a
- ^ Morgenstierne, Georg (1938) Iranian Pamir Languages (Yidgha-Munji, Sanglechi-Ishkashmi and Wakhi) (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume II, Oslo: H. Aschehoug & Co., page 204a
- ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 253–254
- ^ Hassandoust, Mohammad (2002/2003) Bahman Sarkarati, editor, Farhang-e riše-šenâxti-ye zabân-e Farsi [An Etymological Dictionary of the Persian Language] (in Persian), volume I: Â-B, Tehran: Academy of Persian Language and Literature, →ISBN, pages 497–498
- ^ Asatrian, G., Livshits, V. (1994) “Origine du système consonantique de la langue kurde”, in Acta Kurdica, volume 1, page 89 of 81–108
Further reading edit
- Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1913) “թեշի”, in Hayerēn gawaṙakan baṙaran [Armenian Provincial Dictionary] (Ēminean azgagrakan žoġovacu; 9) (in Armenian), Tiflis: Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages, page 357b
- Amatuni, Sahak (1912) “առիջկան”, in Hayocʿ baṙ u ban [Armenian Words and Idioms] (in Armenian), Vagharshapat: Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, page 57a
- Chyet, Michael L. (2003) “tevşo”, in Kurdish–English Dictionary[4], with selected etymologies by Martin Schwartz, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, page 611b
- Jaba, Auguste, Justi, Ferdinand (1879) Dictionnaire Kurde-Français [Kurdish–French Dictionary], Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 100b
- Nawasardeancʿ, Tigran (1903) “թէշի”, in Baṙgirkʿ Araratean barbaṙi [Dictionary of Ararat Dialect] (in Armenian), Tiflis: Movsēs Vardaneancʿ Press, page 41a
- Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2002), “թեշի”, in Hayocʿ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume II, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 100a