Armenian edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

An Iranian, probably Kurdish borrowing: compare Northern Kurdish teşî, Central Kurdish تەشی (teşî), تەشوو (teşû), Southern Kurdish تەشی (teşî), Laki تەشی (teşî), تەشۊنِک (teşünik, spindle). Also from Kurdish: Hulaulá taši (hand-spindle),[1][2] Chaldean Neo-Aramaic ܬܲܫܝܼܵܐ (taššiya, spindle),[3][4] Lishán Didán taši, tašši (distaff).[5][6] Dialectal Turkish terşi, teşi, teşik, tişe (apparatus for skeining wool), dialectal Azerbaijani teşi (spindle) are usually considered Armenian borrowings.[7][8][9][10] The Kurdish too is often treated as an Armenian loan,[8][11] but the opposite direction of borrowing is more likely because թեշի(կ) (tʿeši(k)) is not attested in Old or Middle Armenian and is limited to a few dialects, while the Kurdish is present in Central and Southern varieties and has a plausible native etymology (see below).

Ultimately probably from Proto-Iranian *častra- (spindle), whence also Munji čašīkȧ, čéša, Yidgha [script needed] (čɛšo), Pashto څاښی (śāẍay), څاشی (śāšay), Yagnobi ташк (tašk), Ormuri [script needed] (tisk, spindle),[12][13][14][15] Shahrudi taši, teši (twister, spindle). Note that the *č-t- dissimilation is regular in Kurdish.[16]

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

թեշի (tʿeši)

  1. (dialectal, Ararat, Nor Bayazet, Khoy) spindle
    Synonym: իլիկ (ilik)

Declension edit

References edit

  1. ^ Khan, Geoffrey (2004) The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Sulemaniyya and Ḥalabja (Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics; 44), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 615b
  2. ^ Khan, Geoffrey (2009) The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Sanandaj (Gorgias Neo-Aramaic Studies; 10), Gorgias Press, →ISBN, pages 182, 615
  3. ^ Coghill, Eleanor (2003) The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Alqosh (PhD thesis)[1], University of Cambridge, page 222
  4. ^ ܬܫܝܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2019 May 12 (last accessed)
  5. ^ Garbell, Irene (1965) The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Persian Azerbaijan (Janua Linguarum. Series Practica; 3), London, The Hague, Paris: Mouton & Co., page 336
  6. ^ Khan, Geoffrey (2008) The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Urmi (Gorgias Neo-Aramaic Studies; 2), Gorgias Press, page 599
  7. ^ Gayayan, Harutʿyun (1977) “Gorgagorcutʿyan meǰ kiraṙvoġ hayeren pʿoxaṙyal baṙer tʿurkʿerenum [Armenian Borrowings in Turkish, Used in Carpet Making]”, in Lraber Hasarakakan Gitutyunneri [Herald of the Social Sciences]‎[2] (in Armenian), number 8, pages 97–98
  8. 8.0 8.1 Dankoff, Robert (1995) Armenian Loanwords in Turkish (Turcologica; 21), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, pages 47–48
  9. ^ Bläsing, Uwe (1995) Armenisch-Türkisch. Etymologische Betrachtungen ausgehend von Materialien aus dem Hemşingebiet (Dutch Studies in Armenian Language and Literature; 4) (in German), Amsterdam and Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 45
  10. ^ Eren, Hasan (1999) “teşi, teşik”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language] (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, page 405
  11. ^ Cabolov, R. L. (2010) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 384–385
  12. ^ Андреев, М. С., Пещерева, Е. М. (1957) “tašk”, in Ягнобские тексты с приложением ягнобско-русского словаря, составленного М. С. Андреевым, В. А. Лившицем и А. К. Писарчи [Yagnobi Texts with a Yagnobi–Russian Dictionary Compiled by M. S. Andrejev, V. A. Livšic and A. K. Pisarči]‎[3] (in Russian), Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, page 333a
  13. ^ Morgenstierne, Georg (1938) Iranian Pamir Languages (Yidgha-Munji, Sanglechi-Ishkashmi and Wakhi) (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume II, Oslo: H. Aschehoug & Co., page 204a
  14. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 253–254
  15. ^ Hassandoust, Mohammad (2002/2003) Bahman Sarkarati, editor, Farhang-e riše-šenâxti-ye zabân-e Farsi [An Etymological Dictionary of the Persian Language] (in Persian), volume I: Â-B, Tehran: Academy of Persian Language and Literature, →ISBN, pages 497–498
  16. ^ Asatrian, G., Livshits, V. (1994) “Origine du système consonantique de la langue kurde”, in Acta Kurdica, volume 1, page 89 of 81–108

Further reading edit

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1913) “թեշի”, in Hayerēn gawaṙakan baṙaran [Armenian Provincial Dictionary] (Ēminean azgagrakan žoġovacu; 9) (in Armenian), Tiflis: Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages, page 357b
  • Amatuni, Sahak (1912) “առիջկան”, in Hayocʿ baṙ u ban [Armenian Words and Idioms] (in Armenian), Vagharshapat: Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, page 57a
  • Chyet, Michael L. (2003) “tevşo”, in Kurdish–English Dictionary[4], with selected etymologies by Martin Schwartz, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, page 611b
  • Jaba, Auguste, Justi, Ferdinand (1879) Dictionnaire Kurde-Français [Kurdish–French Dictionary], Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 100b
  • Nawasardeancʿ, Tigran (1903) “թէշի”, in Baṙgirkʿ Araratean barbaṙi [Dictionary of Ararat Dialect] (in Armenian), Tiflis: Movsēs Vardaneancʿ Press, page 41a
  • Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2002), “թեշի”, in Hayocʿ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume II, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 100a