Wiktionary

ծանր

Armenian edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Armenian ծանր (canr).

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

ծանր • (canr) (superlative ամենածանր)

  1. heavy
    Antonym: թեթև (tʿetʿew)
    ծանր քար ― canr kʿar ― heavy stone
  2. cumbersome, unwieldy
  3. (figuratively) serious, grave; distressing, painful; excruciating; heavy, severe; hard, difficult, tough
    ծանր առաջադրանք ― canr aṙaǰadrankʿ ― tough task
  4. (of a character) difficult, tough
  5. (of a literary style) ponderous, heavy
  6. turbid (for understanding)
  7. (dialectal) pregnant
    Synonym: հղի (hġi)

Declension edit

nominalized, i-type (Eastern Armenian)
singular plural
nominative ծանր (canr) ծանրեր (canrer)
dative ծանրի (canri) ծանրերի (canreri)
ablative ծանրից (canricʿ) ծանրերից (canrericʿ)
instrumental ծանրով (canrov) ծանրերով (canrerov)
locative ծանրում (canrum) ծանրերում (canrerum)
definite forms
nominative ծանրը/ծանրն (canrə/canrn) ծանրերը/ծանրերն (canrerə/canrern)
dative ծանրին (canrin) ծանրերին (canrerin)
1st person possessive forms (my)
nominative ծանրս (canrs) ծանրերս (canrers)
dative ծանրիս (canris) ծանրերիս (canreris)
ablative ծանրիցս (canricʿs) ծանրերիցս (canrericʿs)
instrumental ծանրովս (canrovs) ծանրերովս (canrerovs)
locative ծանրումս (canrums) ծանրերումս (canrerums)
2nd person possessive forms (your)
nominative ծանրդ (canrd) ծանրերդ (canrerd)
dative ծանրիդ (canrid) ծանրերիդ (canrerid)
ablative ծանրիցդ (canricʿd) ծանրերիցդ (canrericʿd)
instrumental ծանրովդ (canrovd) ծանրերովդ (canrerovd)
locative ծանրումդ (canrumd) ծանրերումդ (canrerumd)

Derived terms edit

Old Armenian edit

Etymology edit

Uncertain.[1][2] According to, Ačaṙean a Georgian-Zan borrowing: he compares Georgian წონა (c̣ona, “weight”), Laz წინუფს (ǯinups, “to weigh”), and its participle წინერი (ǯineri, “weighed”),[3] all from Proto-Kartvelian *c̣on-. J̌ahukyan is sceptical due to the vocalism and because r-u-type adjectives are usually of native Indo-European origin.[4]

Adjective edit

ծանր • (canr)

  1. heavy
  2. (figuratively) heavy; difficult; important
    ծանր, ծանունս ― canr, canuns ― heavily; grievously; deeply; vigorously; seriously; painfully
    ծանունս սխալել ― canuns sxalel ― to be greatly mistaken
    ծանունս լսել ― canuns lsel ― to give no ear, to pretend not to hear
    ծանր թուիլ ― canr tʿuil ― to take ill, to be displeased, angry, enraged
    մի ինչ ծանր թուեսցի քեզ ― mi inčʿ canr tʿuescʿi kʿez ― do not take it ill, do not be displeased
    ծանր է քեզ բանդ այդ ― canr ē kʿez band ayd ― the thing is above your ability
    ծանր է ինձ ― canr ē inj ― that is a heavy sacrifice for me
    ծանր ծանր երդմունք ― canr canr erdmunkʿ ― dreadful oaths
    թողէք զծանր oրինացն ― tʿołēkʿ zcanr orinacʿn ― you have omitted the weightier matters of the law
  3. (grammar) grave

Declension edit

r-u-type
singular (uncountable)
nominative ծանր (canr)
genitive ծանու (canu)
dative ծանու (canu)
accusative ծանր (canr)
ablative ծանուէ (canuē)
instrumental ծանու (canu)
locative ծանու (canu)
singulars follow r-u-type declension
n-type
plural only (plurale tantum)
nominative ծանունք (canunkʿ)
genitive ծանունց (canuncʿ)
dative ծանունց (canuncʿ)
accusative ծանունս (canuns)
ablative ծանունց (canuncʿ)
instrumental ծանումբք (canumbkʿ)
locative ծանունս (canuns)
plurals follow n-type declension

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

  • Armenian: ծանր (canr), ծանդր (candr)

References edit

  1. ^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 164–165
  2. ^ Kocharov, Petr (2018) “Annotated Swadesh wordlists for the Armenian group (Indo-European family)”, in The Global Lexicostatistical Database‎[1], 102. HEAVY
  3. ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1973) “ծանր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 445b
  4. ^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “ծանր”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 359b

Further reading edit

  • Awetikʿean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “ծանր”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Godel, Robert (1975) An introduction to the study of classical Armenian, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 33
  • Petrosean, Matatʿeay (1879) “ծանր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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