Armenian edit

Etymology edit

From Old Armenian քաղցր (kʻałcʻr).

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

քաղցր (kʻaġcʻr) (superlative ամենաքաղցր)

  1. sweet
    Synonym: (Western Armenian) անուշ (anuš)
  2. (figuratively) pleasant, sweet

Declension edit

See also edit

Basic tastes in Armenian (layout · text)
           
քաղցր (kʻaġcʻr) թթու (tʻtʻu) աղի (aġi) դառը (daṙə) {{{spicy}}} not used in Armenian

Noun edit

քաղցր (kʻaġcʻr)

  1. sweet course, dessert

Declension edit

Adverb edit

քաղցր (kʻaġcʻr)

  1. sweetly

Old Armenian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European, but the details are uncertain. Probably a contamination of several roots. Different authors operate with a different number of roots, usually *swéh₂dus (sweet), *dléwkus (sweet), *sweld- (to starve) (whence քաղց (kʻałcʻ)) and *sh₂eldus (salty), and propose different chains of derivation.

De Lamberterie proposes *swādu- + *saldu- giving *swaldu-, then crossing with *dluku- and producing *swaldku-*swaltku-քաղցու- (kʻałcʻu-).[1]

Pedersen derives from *swl̥d-su-s (hungry; appetizing).[2]

Petersson derives from *kl̥d-sḱ-u-, metathesized from *dl̥k-sḱ-u- (sweet).[3][4]

Klingenschmitt derives from Proto-Indo-European *swl̥ḱsu-, with Iranian cognates: see Persian خوش (xoš).[5]

Adjective edit

քաղցր (kʻałcʻr)

  1. sweet, delicious
  2. (figuratively) mild, pleasant, agreeable, charming, amiable, affable, dear, beloved
    քաղցր հայեցուածքkʻałcʻr hayecʻuackʻmild looking
    քաղցր բնաւորութիւնkʻałcʻr bnaworutʻiwngood-temperedness
    քաղցր բարքkʻałcʻr barkʻgentle manners
    քաղցր յիշատակkʻałcʻr yišatakpleasing remembrance
    քաղցր է տեսանելkʻałcʻr ē tesanelit is pleasant to see
    քաղցր է ինձkʻałcʻr ē injI should like
    քաղցր էր մեզ տեսանելkʻałcʻr ēr mez tesanelwe saw with pleasure
    քաղցունսkʻałcʻunssweetly, softy, gently, pleasantly, nicely
  3. (as a substantive) sweetness, honey

Declension edit

Adverb edit

քաղցր (kʻałcʻr)

  1. sweetly, softly, gently, pleasantly, nicely

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

  • Armenian: քաղցր (kʻaġcʻr)

References edit

  1. ^ Lamberterie, Charles de (1990) Les Adjectifs grecs en -υς (Bibliothèque des Cahiers de l'institut de linguistique de Louvain; 54), volume I, Louvain-La-Neuve: Peeters, page 502
  2. ^ Pedersen, Holger (1906) “Armenisch und die Nachbarsprachen”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der Indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume 39, number 3, page 429
  3. ^ Petersson, Herbert (1920) Arische und armenische Studien (Lunds Universitets Årsskrift N.F. Avd. 1, Bd. 16. Nr. 3) (in German), Lund, Leipzig, page 46
  4. ^ Solta, G. R. (1960) Die Stellung des Armenischen im Kreise der indogermanischen Sprachen (Studien zur armenischen Geschichte; 9)‎[1] (in German), Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, page 362
  5. ^ Gert, Klingenschmitt (2000) “Mittelpersisch”, in Bernhard Forssman, Robert Plath, editors, Indoarisch, Iranisch und die Indogermanistik: Arbeitstagung der Indogermanischen Gesellschaft vom 2. bis 5. Oktober 1997 in Erlangen (in German), Wiesbaden: Reichert, page 204, footnote 41

Further reading edit

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “քաղցր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, pages 546–547
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “քաղցր”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Godel, Robert (1975) An introduction to the study of classical Armenian, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 33
  • Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 502
  • J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “քաղցր”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, pages 774–775
  • Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 165–166
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “քաղցր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Scheftelowitz, J. (1904) “Zur altarmenischen lautgeschichte”, in Beiträge zur kunde der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume 28, page 290