שרב

See also: ש־ רב

Hebrew

Etymology

Root
שׁ־ר־ב (š-r-b)

Compare with Classical Syriac ܫܪܒܐ (šrb, šwrbˀ, “hot wind, simoom”).

Pronunciation

• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʃaˈʁav/

Noun

שָׁרָב • (sharáv) m (plural indefinite שְׁרָבִים, singular construct שְׁרַב־, plural construct שַׁרְבֵי־)

1. A heat wave.
   • Tanach, Isaiah 49:10, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     לֹא יִרְעָבוּ וְלֹא יִצְמָאוּ וְלֹא־יַכֵּם שָׁרָב וָשָׁמֶשׁ כִּי־מְרַחֲמָם יְנַהֲגֵם וְעַל־מַבּוּעֵי מַיִם יְנַהֲלֵם׃

     lo yir'ávu v-lo yitsmáu v-lo yakém sharáv va-shémesh ki mraḥamám ynahagém v-'al mabú'ei máyim ynahalém

     They shall not hunger nor thirst, neither shall the heat nor sun smite them; for He that hath compassion on them will lead them, even by the springs of water will He guide them.

   • a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud, Shabbat 106b:

     הַצָּד חֲגָבִים בִּשְׁעַת הַטַּל — פָּטוּר, בִּשְׁעַת הַשָּׁרָב — חַיָּיב.

     ha-tsad ḥagavím bi-sh'at ha-ṭal — paṭúr, bi-sh'at ha-sharáv, ḥayyáv.

     One who captures locusts at the time of dew is exempt; at the time of heat-wave he is liable.

2. (שְׁרַב־, sh'ráv-) Singular construct state form of שָׁרָב (sharáv)‎.

Related terms

• (adjective) שְׁרָבִי (sh'raví, “of or relating to hot and dry weather”)