Persian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾšwptn' /⁠āšuftan⁠/), derived with the preverb *aH- from the root Proto-Iranian *xšawb- (to rustle, tremble), from Proto-Indo-European *k⁽ʷ⁾sewbʰ- (to rock, tremble). Cognate with Sanskrit क्षुभ् (kṣubh, to shake, be agitated), Proto-Germanic *skeubaną (to push, drive), Lithuanian skùbti (to start to hurry), Proto-Slavic *xybàti (to sway). Note the Iranian borrowings: Old Armenian ապշոպ (apšop), շփոթ (špʿotʿ), Old Georgian შფოთი (špoti).

Pronunciation edit

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Readings
Classical reading? āšuftan
Dari reading? āšuftan
Iranian reading? âšoftan
Tajik reading? ošuftan

Verb edit

Dari آشفتن
Iranian Persian
Tajik ошуфтан

آشفتن (âšoftan) (present stem آشوب (âšub))

  1. to agitate
  2. to disturb
  3. to excite
  4. to change, to alter

Conjugation edit

Related terms edit

References edit

  • Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 454–455
  • Herzenberg, L. G. (2014), “Studies in Persian Etymology II”, in Acta Linguistica Petropolitana[2], volume 10, issue 1, published by P. A. Kocharov and A. V. Shatskov, page 38 of 19–48
  • Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, § 32, page 8
  • Horn, Paul (1898–1901), “Neupersische Schriftsprache [New Persian written language]”, in Geiger, Wilhelm; Kuhn, Ernst, editors, Grundriß der iranischen Philologie [Outline of Iranian Philology] (in German), volume I, part II, Strassburg: K. J. Trübner, page 136
  • Hübschmann, Heinrich (1895) Persische Studien [Persian Studies] (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, pages 7, 233