حذار
Arabic edit
Etymology edit
From the root ح ذ ر (ḥ-ḏ-r) on the فَعَالِ (faʕāli) scale used to form a special group of words known in Arabic as أَسْمَاء أَفْعَال (ʔasmāʔ ʔafʕāl). Compare شَتَّانَ (šattāna) and سُرْعَان (surʕān).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
حَذَارِ • (ḥaḏāri)
- (defective, transitive, intransitive) watch out! beware!
- a. 965 CE, Al-Mutanabbi, بِأَبِي الشُّمُوسُ الجَانِحَاتُ غَوَارِبَا (biʔabī š-šumūsu l-jāniḥātu ḡawāribā):
- سَلْ عَنْ شَجَاعَتِهِ وَزُرْهُ مُسَالِمًا
وَحَذَارِ ثُمَّ حَذَارِ مِنْهُ مُحَارِبَا- sal ʕan šajāʕatihī wa-zurhu musāliman
wa-ḥaḏāri ṯumma ḥaḏāri minhu muḥāribā - Ask of his bravery and visit him peacefully
And beware, then beware of him as a fighter
- sal ʕan šajāʕatihī wa-zurhu musāliman
Usage notes edit
The verb is defective and does not conjugate or receive case endings; it is used the same way with the same final vowels in all contexts.
Noun edit
حِذَار • (ḥiḏār) m
- verbal noun of حَاذَرَ (ḥāḏara) (form III)
- a. 965 CE, Al-Mutanabbi, سِرْبٌ مَحَاسِنُهُ حُرِمْتُ ذَوَاتِهَا (sirbun maḥāsinuhu ḥurimtu ḏawātihā):
- هِبْتُ النِّكَاحَ حِذَارَ نَسْلٍ مِثْلِهَا
حَتَّى وَفَرْتُ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ بَنَاتِهَا- hibtu n-nikāḥa ḥiḏāra naslin miṯlihā
ḥattā wa-fartu ʕalā n-nisāʔi banātihā - (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- hibtu n-nikāḥa ḥiḏāra naslin miṯlihā
Declension edit
Declension of noun حِذَار (ḥiḏār)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | حِذَار ḥiḏār |
الْحِذَار al-ḥiḏār |
حِذَار ḥiḏār |
Nominative | حِذَارٌ ḥiḏārun |
الْحِذَارُ al-ḥiḏāru |
حِذَارُ ḥiḏāru |
Accusative | حِذَارًا ḥiḏāran |
الْحِذَارَ al-ḥiḏāra |
حِذَارَ ḥiḏāra |
Genitive | حِذَارٍ ḥiḏārin |
الْحِذَارِ al-ḥiḏāri |
حِذَارِ ḥiḏāri |