خربزه

Persian

Alternative forms

• خربز (xarboz), خربوزه (xarbuze), خربیزه (xarbize) (dialectal)

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (hlbyck' /⁠xarbīzag⁠/, “watermelon”), of unclear origin:

• According to Horn, the latter is formed as 𐮴𐮹 (xar, “ass, donkey”) +‎ 𐮱𐮵𐮿𐮵𐮰 (bwcnʾ /⁠bōzīnʾ⁠/, “cucumber; citron”). The first part is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kʰáras, and the second part is probably related to Proto-Semitic *būṣ-. However, this is considered a folk etymology by Nişanyan.
• According to Pelliot, a reshaping of Sanskrit त्रपुस (trapusa, “the fruit of colocynth”) by popular etymology.

Forms with t- are attested in Persian: تربزه (tarboze), تربز (tarboz, “watermelon”). Akin to Middle Armenian խարպիզակ (xarpizak), խարբզակ (xarbzak), Georgian ხაბურზაკი (xaburzaḳi), ხარბუზაკი (xarbuzaḳi), Iranian borrowings.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [xaɾ.bu.ˈza]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xäɾ.bʊ.zǽ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xäɾ.bʊ.zǽ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [xäɾ.bʊ.zǽ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [xäɾ.bu.zǽ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [xæɹ.bo.zé]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [χäɾ.bu.zǽ]

Readings
Classical reading?	xarbuza
Dari reading?	xarbuza
Iranian reading?	xarboze
Tajik reading?	xarbuza

Noun

Dari	خَربُوزَه
Iranian Persian	خَربُزِه
Tajik	харбуза

خَربُزِه • (xarboze) (plural خربزه‌ها (xarboze-hâ))

1. (Iran or nonstandard) melon

   Synonym: بطیخ (batix)

Descendants

• → Abaza: харбыз (xarbəz)
• → Adyghe: къэпраз (qɛpraz)
• → Arabic: خِرْبِز (ḵirbiz, “honeydew melon”)
• → Chechen: хорбаз (xorbaz)
• → Gujarati: ખરભુજા (kharbhujā), ખરબૂજા (kharbūjā)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: ख़रबूज़ा (xarbūzā)

  Urdu: خربوزہ (xarbūzā)

• → Ingush: харбаз (xarbaz)
• → Kabardian: хъарбыз (χarbəz)
• → Ossetian: харбыз (xarbyz)
• → Ottoman Turkish: خربز (harbüz), خربزه (harbüze)
  • → Old East Slavic: арбузъ (arbuzŭ)
    • Russian: арбу́з (arbúz)
      • → Buryat: арбуз (arbuz)
      • → Estonian: arbuus
      • → Latvian: arbūzs
      • → Lithuanian: arbūzas
      • → Polish: arbuz
      • → Volga German: Erbus
  • → Ukrainian: гарбу́з (harbúz, “pumpkin”)
    • → Belarusian: гарбу́з (harbúz)
    • → Latgalian: garbuzs, Latgalian: garbūzs
    • → Polish: harbuz
    • → Romanian: harbuz
• → Turkic: (taking Persian as representative for all Iranian)
  • Azerbaijani: qarpız
    • → Persian: قارپوز (qârpuz)
  • Bashkir: ҡарбуз
  • Crimean Tatar: qarpız
  • Karachay-Balkar: харбыз (xarbız)
  • Kazakh: қарбыз (qarbyz)
  • Kipchak: قربز (karbız)
  • Ottoman Turkish: قارپوز (karpuz), գարփուզ (karpuz) — Armeno-Turkish
    • Turkish: karpuz
    • → Abkhaz: а-карпы́жә (a-kʼarpʼə́ẑʷ)
    • → Adyghe: хъырбыдз (χərbədz)
    • → Albanian: karpuz
    • → Bulgarian: карпу́за (karpúza)
    • → Greek: καρπούζι (karpoúzi)
    • → Kabardian: хъарбыз (χarbəz)
    • → Ladino: karpus
    • → Serbo-Croatian: kàrpuza / ка̀рпуза
  • Tatar: карбыз (qarbız)
  • Turkmen: garpyz
• → Sanskrit: खर्बूज (kharbūja)

References

• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “խարպիզակ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 348b
• Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20)‎^[1] (in German), volume III, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, § 1590
• Horn, Paul (1893) “xerbuze”, in Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, page 105
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “karpuz”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “арбуз”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress