دریا
Munji edit
Noun edit
دریا (daryā)
Ottoman Turkish edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
دریا • (derya)
Proper noun edit
دریا • (Derya)
- a female given name, Derya, Darya
References edit
- Redhouse, J. W. (1884) “sea”, in A Lexicon, English and Turkish, 3rd edition, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 667
Persian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Persian [script needed] (dlydʾp̄ /drayāb/, “sea”), a merger of āb (“water”) (whence آب (āb)) with Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎹 (d-r-y /draya/, “ocean, sea”), from Proto-Iranian *jráyah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ráyas, likely from the BMAC substrate. Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬢𐬵 (zraiiaŋh, “sea”), Sanskrit ज्रयस् (jráyas, “expanse”).
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [daɾ.ˈjɑː]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [d̪æɹ.jɒ́ː]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [d̪äɾ.jɔ́]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | daryā |
| Dari reading? | daryā |
| Iranian reading? | daryâ |
| Tajik reading? | daryo |
Noun edit
| Dari | دریا |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | дарё |
دَرْیا • (daryâ) (plural دریاها (daryâ-hâ))
- sea; ocean
- Synonyms: اُقْیانوس (oqyânus, “ocean”), بَحْر (bahr, “sea”), زِراه (zerâh, “sea, ocean”)
- در کنار دریا ― dar kenâr-e daryâ ― on the seashore
- دریا در چرخه آب نقش دارد.
- daryâ dar čarxe-ye âb naqš dârad.
- The ocean plays a role in the water cycle.
- c. 1320, Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī, “Ghazal 3”, in دیوانِ امیرخسرو دهلوی [Divan of Amīr Khusraw][1]:
- ز عشق ار عاشقی میرد، گنه بر عشق ننهد کس
که بهر غرقه کردن عیب نتوان کرد دریا را- zi išq ar āšiqē mīrad gunah bar išq na-nihad kas
ki bahr-i ğarqa kardan ayb na-tawan kard daryā rā - If the lover dies of love, nobody holds love accountable,
For one does not blame the sea when a person drowns.
- zi išq ar āšiqē mīrad gunah bar išq na-nihad kas
- mid-1600s, Ṣāʾib-i Tabrīzī, “Ghazal 1012”, in دیوان [Dīvān][2]:
- با کمال احتیاج از خلق استغنا خوش است
با دهان خشک مردن بر لب دریا خوش است- bā kamāl-i ihtiyāj az xalq istiğnā xwaš ast
bā dahān-i xušk mordan bar lab-i daryā xwaš ast - To disdain people’s help at the utmost height of neediness is fitting;
To die with a dry mouth at the shore of the ocean is fitting.
- bā kamāl-i ihtiyāj az xalq istiğnā xwaš ast
- (obsolete or fossilized) river
- c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The Tale of Rustam and Isfandiyār”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings][3]:
- بدو گفت چون رستم پیلتن
ندیده بود کس بهر انجمن
دل شیر دارد تن ژنده پیل
نهنگان برآرد ز دریای نیل- bad-ō guft čōn rustam-i pīltan
na-dīda būd kas ba har anjuman
dil-i šēr dārad tan-i žanda pīl
nahangān bar-ārad zi daryā-yi nīl - He told him, "The elephant-bodied Rustam's like
Has not been seen by anyone in any tribe.
He has a lion's heart and a huge elephant's body,
And he drags out the crocodiles from the River Nile."
- bad-ō guft čōn rustam-i pīltan
Derived terms edit
Borrowed terms edit
- → Assamese: দৰিয়া (doria)
- → Azerbaijani: dərya
- → Bengali: দরিয়া (doriẏa)
- → Gujarati: દરિયો (dariyo)
- → Hindustani:
- → Kashmiri: دریا (dryā)
- → Kazakh:
- → Kurdish:
- → Kyrgyz: дарыя (darıya)
- → Ottoman Turkish: دریا (deryâ)
- Turkish: derya
- → Pashto: درياب (daryā́b, “sea; lake”)
- → Punjabi:
- → Talysh:
- → Turkmen: derýa
- → Uyghur: دەريا (derya)
- → Uzbek: daryo
Proper noun edit
دَرْیا • (daryâ)
- a female given name, Darya, from Middle Persian
Descendants edit
- → Turkish: Derya
References edit
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “drayā(b)”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
Punjabi edit
Etymology edit
From Classical Persian دریا (daryā).
Noun edit
دریا • (daryā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਦਰਿਆ)
Synonyms edit
- ندی (nadī)
Urdu edit
Etymology edit
From Classical Persian دریا (daryā, “sea, river”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /d̪əɾ.jɑː/
Audio (PK) (file) - Rhymes: -ɑː
Noun edit
دَرْیا • (daryā) m (Hindi spelling दर्या)