Wiktionary

دست

See also: دشت and دسى

Arabic edit

 
Arabic Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ar

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Persian دست (dast, literally “hand”) and دشت (dašt, “plain”).

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /dast/
  • (colloquially in the cauldron sense also): IPA(key): /dist/

Noun edit

دَسْت • (dast) m (plural دُسُوت (dusūt))

  1. boiler, cauldron, kettle, cupola etc.
    Near-synonym: صَاج (ṣāj)
    • 1226, محمد بن الحسن بن محمد بن الكريم الكاتب البغدادي [Muḥammad bin al-Ḥasan bin Muḥammad bin al-Karīm al-Baḡdādīy], “الباب التاسع في ذكر الحلاوات وأصنافها”, in كتاب الطبيخ ومعجم المآكل الدمشقية, Hindawi Foundation, published 2018, →ISBN, page 75:
      مكفن
      يؤخذ رطل سكر وثلث رطل لوز أو فستق، فيُدَق الجميع ناعمًا، ويُعجن بماء الورد عجنًا قويًّا، ثم يُطرح في الدست أوقية شَيْرَج، ويُحَل نصف رطل سكر فيُعمل جُلَّابًا، فإذا غلى الشَّيْرَج طُرح عليه ثلث الجُلَّاب، ويواصل تحريكه، ثم يُطرح عليه أوقية نشا مُدافًا بماء، ولا يزال يُحرَّك حتى ينعقد، ثم يُطرح على بلاطة ناعمة حتى يبرد، ويُبسط قطعًا صغارًا مربَّعة قدر الكف، ثم يُجعل عليه شيء من ذلك السكر واللوز والمعجون، ويُلَف على هيئة الأوساط، ثم يُذَر عليه السكر المطيَّب ويُرفع.
      Mukaffan
      One takes a rottol of sugar and a third of a rottol of almond and pistachio, then pounds all fine, and kneads with rosewater heartily, then throws an ounce of sesame oil in a kettle, and dissolves half a rottol of sugar, and produces rosewater syrup, and when the sesame oil boils a third of the rosewater syrup is thrown upon it, connected by working it in a bit, then one throws upon it an ounce of starch diluted with water, then one continues to work it in until it becomes a slop, then on casts it upon a thin slate until it cools off, then it is spread into small strands quadrupled after the size of the handpalm, then one applies upon it some of that sugar and the almond and the dough and rolls in around the centres, then one scatters upon it the seasoned sugar and finishes.
  2. (archaic) seat, throne, cathedra etc.
    Synonym: مَجْلِس (majlis)
  3. (obsolete) a cushioning, carpeting, resting place, place of honor
  4. (obsolete) pack of clothes, apparel, dress that accompanies a man of honour
  5. (obsolete) assembly, company
    Synonym: مَجْلِس (majlis)
  6. (obsolete) plain; desert
  7. (obsolete) a match of playing cards or chess or contest fighting etc.
  8. (obsolete, figurative) hand, power, authority; lead in a game of cards etc.; pomp
  9. (obsolete) quire of paper
    Near-synonyms: يَد (yad), مَاعُون (māʕūn), رِزْمَة (rizma), دَسْتَج (dastaj), حُزْمَة (ḥuzma), كُرَّاسَة (kurrāsa)

Declension edit

Declension of noun دَسْت (dast)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal دَسْت
dast 		الدَّسْت
ad-dast 		دَسْت
dast
Nominative دَسْتٌ
dastun 		الدَّسْتُ
ad-dastu 		دَسْتُ
dastu
Accusative دَسْتًا
dastan 		الدَّسْتَ
ad-dasta 		دَسْتَ
dasta
Genitive دَسْتٍ
dastin 		الدَّسْتِ
ad-dasti 		دَسْتِ
dasti
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal دَسْتَيْن
dastayn 		الدَّسْتَيْن
ad-dastayn 		دَسْتَيْ
dastay
Nominative دَسْتَانِ
dastāni 		الدَّسْتَانِ
ad-dastāni 		دَسْتَا
dastā
Accusative دَسْتَيْنِ
dastayni 		الدَّسْتَيْنِ
ad-dastayni 		دَسْتَيْ
dastay
Genitive دَسْتَيْنِ
dastayni 		الدَّسْتَيْنِ
ad-dastayni 		دَسْتَيْ
dastay
Plural basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal دُسُوت
dusūt 		الدُّسُوت
ad-dusūt 		دُسُوت
dusūt
Nominative دُسُوتٌ
dusūtun 		الدُّسُوتُ
ad-dusūtu 		دُسُوتُ
dusūtu
Accusative دُسُوتًا
dusūtan 		الدُّسُوتَ
ad-dusūta 		دُسُوتَ
dusūta
Genitive دُسُوتٍ
dusūtin 		الدُّسُوتِ
ad-dusūti 		دُسُوتِ
dusūti

Derived terms edit

References edit

  • Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881), “دست”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 440b–441a
  • Freytag, Georg (1833), “دست”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 29a
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “دست”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 695
  • Quatremère, Étienne Marc (1845) Histoire des sultans mamlouks, de l'Égypte. Tome second, deuzième partie.‎[1] (in French), Paris: Oriental Translation Fund, pages 236–239
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “دست”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎[2], London: W.H. Allen, page 361
  • Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (2020), “دست”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 6th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 288a. Older editions don’t know the vocalization of دَسْت (dast) in the boiler sense.

Baluchi edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Iranian *jástah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰés-to- (“hand”), from *ǵʰes-.

Noun edit

دست • (dast)

  1. hand

Persian edit

 
Persian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fa

Etymology edit

From Middle Persian 𐭩𐭣𐭤 (YDH /⁠dast⁠/), from Old Persian 𐎭𐎿𐎫 (dasta), from Proto-Iranian *jástah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas (“hand”).[1]

Compare Northern Kurdish dest, Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬀 (zasta), Sogdian ܕܣܛ (ẟast-, “hand”), Sanskrit हस्त (hasta), Ancient Greek χείρ (kheír, “hand”), Albanian dorë (“hand”), Tocharian A tsar, Latin hīr (“hand”).

Pronunciation edit

 

Readings
Classical reading? dast
Dari reading? dast
Iranian reading? dast
Tajik reading? dast
  • Audio (Iran)(file)

Noun edit

Dari دست
Iranian Persian
Tajik даст

دَسْت • (dast) (plural دستان (dastân) or دست‌ها (dast-hâ))

  1. (anatomy) hand
  2. (anatomy) arm
  3. hand (side; part, camp; direction, either right or left)
    • 11th century, Abulfazl-i Bayhaqī, Tārīx-i Bayhaqī[3]
      خواجه امیر حسنک را هر چند خواست که پیش وی بنشیند نگذاشت و بر دست راست من و دست راست خواجه ابوالقاسم کثیر و بونصر مشکان بنشاند، هر چند ابوالقاسم کثیر معزول بود، اما حرمتش سخت بزرگ بود و بوسهل بر دست چپ خواجه، از این نیز سخت‌تر بتابید
      Although Amir Hasanak wanted to sit near him, Khwajah [Ahmad] didn't let it, and seated him at my right-hand, and at Khwajah Abul-Qasim Kasir's and Bu Nasr Mushkan's right-hand—although Abul-Qasim Kasir was deposed, his reverence was so great—and [seated] Bu Sahl at Khwajah's left-hand; he [Bu Sahl] was outraged even more because of this.

Inflection edit

    Basic forms of دست (dast)
singular plural
bare دست
(dast) 		دستان
(dastấn)
دستا △
(dastấ)
definitive direct object دست را
(dast râ)
دست رو △
(dasto) 		دستان را
(dastấn râ)
دستا رو △
(dastấ ro)
ezâfe دست
(dast-e) 		دستان
(dastấn-e)
دستای △
(dastấ-ye)
marked indefinite
or relative definite 		دستی
(dast-i) 		دستانی
(dastấn-i)
دستایی △
(dastấi)
△ Colloquial.
    Possessive forms of دست (dast)
singular plural
1st person singular
(“my”) 		دستم
(dástam) 		دستانم
(dastấnam)
دستام △
(dastấm)
2nd person singular
(“your”) 		دستت
(dástat)
[Term?] △
(dástet) 		دستانت
(dastấnat)
دستات △
(dastất)
3rd person singular
(“his, her, its”) 		دستش
(dástaš)
[Term?] △
(dásteš) 		دستانش
(dastấnaš)
دستاش △
(dastấš)
1st plural
(“our”) 		دستمان
(dástemân)
دستمون △
(dástemun) 		دستانمان
(dastấnemân)
دستامون △
(dastấmun)
2nd plural
(“your”) 		دستتان
(dástetân)
دستتون △
(dástetun) 		دستانتان
(dastấnetân)
دستاتون △
(dastấtun)
3rd plural
(“their”) 		دستشان
(dástešân)
دستشون △
(dástešun) 		دستانشان
(dastấnešân)
دستاشون △
(dastấšun)
△ Colloquial.

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

Descendants edit

  • → Azerbaijani: dəst
  • → Bengali: দস্ত (dosto)
  • → Gujarati: દસ્ત (dast)
  • → Gulf Arabic: دست (dast, “glove”) (Kuwait)
  • → Hindi: दस्त (dast)
  • → Kumzari: دست

References edit

  1. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 372
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