Persian edit

 
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Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From earlier سپید (sapēd), from Middle Persian spyt' (spēd, white), from Proto-Iranian *cwaytáh (compare Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬀 (spaēta, white), Sogdian [script needed] (ʾspʾyt)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwaytás (compare Sanskrit श्वेत (śvetá, white, bright)), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweytós (bright; shine) (compare Old Church Slavonic свѣтъ (světŭ), Old English hwīt (white)).

Borrowed from Iranian: Old Armenian սպիտակ (spitak), սպետ (spet), սպիտ (spit); Old Georgian სპეტაკი (sṗeṭaḳi), სპეტი (sṗeṭi), Georgian სუფთა (supta), Arabic سِبِيدَاج (sibīdāj), Ottoman Turkish اوستبج (üstübec), استوبج (üstübec).

Pronunciation edit

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Readings
Classical reading? safēḏ
Dari reading? safēd
Iranian reading? sefid
Tajik reading? safed

Adjective edit

Dari سفید
Iranian Persian
Tajik сафед

سفید (sefid)

  1. white
  2. fair
  3. pale
  4. clear

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

See also edit

References edit

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “սպիտակ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, pages 264–265
  • Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, § 708, page 157
  • Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 240
  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “spēd”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press

Urdu edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Classical Persian سفید (safēd).

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

سفید (safed) (Hindi spelling सफ़ेद)

  1. white
  2. clean
  3. blank

Synonyms edit

Derived terms edit

See also edit

Colors in Urdu · رنگ (raṅg) (layout · text)
     سفید (safed), ابیض (abyaz)      سرمئی (sarmaī), خاکستری (xākistarī), دھوسر (dhūsar)      کالا (kālā), سیاہ (siyāh), اسود (aswad)
             سرخ (surx), لال (lāl), قرمزی (qarmazī), احمر (ahmar)              مالٹائی (mālṭāī), نارنجی (nāranjī), نارنگی (nārangī); بھورا (bhūrā), بادامی (bādāmī), خاکی (xākī), مٹیالا (maṭiālā)              پیلا (pīlā), زرد (zard), اصفر (asfar), بسنتی (basantī)
             پستہ (pistah), انگوری (aṅgūrī), دھانی (dhānī)              سبز (sabz), ہرا (harā)             
             فیروزی (ferozī)              آسمانی (āsmānī), نیلگوں (nīlgū̃), لاجوردی (lājvardī), آبی (ābī), آبگوں (ābgū̃)              نیلا (nīlā), ازرق (azraq)
             نیل (nīl), بنفشی (banafśī), بنفش (banafś)              جامنی (jāmnī), اودا (ūdā), ارغوانی (arġawānī), بیگنی (beganī), بینگنی (benganī), بینجنی (benjanī)              گلابی (gulābī), پیازی (pīāzī)

Further reading edit

  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “سفيد”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 380
  • سفید”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.