Persian edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Persian [Term?] (/⁠âšnūdan⁠/, to hear, understand),[1] from Proto-Iranian *ā- + *xšnaw- (to hear; to sharpen the ears). The prefix is from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (at), while the root is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšnaw-, from Proto-Indo-European *ksnew- (to scrape, sharpen).[2] Compare Central Kurdish ژنفتن (žiniftin) (in Sanandaj), Zazaki eşnawitiş (to hear), Northern Luri ٸشنںفتن (ešnaften).

Pronunciation edit

  • (file)
 

Readings
Classical reading? šinīḏan, šunīḏan
Dari reading? šinīdan, šunīdan
Iranian reading? šenidan, šonidan
Tajik reading? šunidan

Verb edit

Dari شنیدن
Iranian Persian
Tajik шунидан

شِنیدَن or شُنیدَن (šenidan or šonidan) (present stem شِنُو (šenow) or شُنُو (šonow))

  1. to hear
    دیدم و نشنیدمشان
    didam o na-šenidam-ešan.
    I saw and didn't hear them.
  2. to listen
    Synonyms: گوش کردن (guš kardan), گوش دادن (guš dâdan)
  3. to smell
    Synonym: بوییدن (buyidan)
    • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 322”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎[1]:
      ز کوی یار بیار ای نسیم صبح غباری
      که بوی خون دل ریش از آن تراب شنیدم
      zi kōy-i yār biyār ay nasīm-i subh-i ğubārī
      ki bōy-i xūn-i dil-i rīš az ān turāb šunīdam
      Come out from the beloved's alley, o dusty morning breeze!
      For I have smelled the scent of a wounded heart's blood from that soil.
      (Classical Persian transliteration)

Usage notes edit

  • In spoken Persian, شنیدن (šenidan) and شنفتن (šenoftan) can be used interchangeably.

Conjugation edit

References edit

  1. ^ MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “āšnūdan(ašnaw-)”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 13
  2. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 456