عزم

See also: غرم

Arabic

Root
ع ز م (ʕ-z-m)

Verb

عَزَمَ • (ʕazama) I, non-past يَعْزِمُ‎ (yaʕzimu)

1. (construed with عَلَى (ʕalā)) to decide (on something), to be resolved and carry out one's resolution
2. (construed with عَلَى (ʕalā)) to determine (to do something), to make up one's mind (to do something), to be firmly resolved (on)
3. (construed with عَلَى (ʕalā)) to adjure, to command formally
4. (construed with إِلَى (ʔilā)) to go, to resort (to)
5. to conjure, to charm, to read spells
6. (transitive, construed with عَلَى (ʕalā) or أَن (ʔan), colloquial) to summon, invite (someone) (to something, to do something)

Conjugation

Conjugation of

عَزَمَ

(form-I sound, verbal nouns عَزْم or عُزْم or مَعْزَم or مَعْزِم or عُزْمَان or عَزِيم or عَزِيمَة)

verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر						عَزْم or عُزْم or مَعْزَم or مَعْزِم or عُزْمَان or عَزِيم or عَزِيمَة ʕazm or ʕuzm or maʕzam or maʕzim or ʕuzmān or ʕazīm or ʕazīma
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						عَازِم ʕāzim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَعْزُوم maʕzūm
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	عَزَمْتُ ʕazamtu	عَزَمْتَ ʕazamta	عَزَمَ ʕazama		عَزَمْتُمَا ʕazamtumā	عَزَمَا ʕazamā		عَزَمْنَا ʕazamnā	عَزَمْتُمْ ʕazamtum	عَزَمُوا ʕazamū
	f		عَزَمْتِ ʕazamti	عَزَمَتْ ʕazamat			عَزَمَتَا ʕazamatā			عَزَمْتُنَّ ʕazamtunna	عَزَمْنَ ʕazamna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَعْزِمُ ʔaʕzimu	تَعْزِمُ taʕzimu	يَعْزِمُ yaʕzimu		تَعْزِمَانِ taʕzimāni	يَعْزِمَانِ yaʕzimāni		نَعْزِمُ naʕzimu	تَعْزِمُونَ taʕzimūna	يَعْزِمُونَ yaʕzimūna
	f		تَعْزِمِينَ taʕzimīna	تَعْزِمُ taʕzimu			تَعْزِمَانِ taʕzimāni			تَعْزِمْنَ taʕzimna	يَعْزِمْنَ yaʕzimna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَعْزِمَ ʔaʕzima	تَعْزِمَ taʕzima	يَعْزِمَ yaʕzima		تَعْزِمَا taʕzimā	يَعْزِمَا yaʕzimā		نَعْزِمَ naʕzima	تَعْزِمُوا taʕzimū	يَعْزِمُوا yaʕzimū
	f		تَعْزِمِي taʕzimī	تَعْزِمَ taʕzima			تَعْزِمَا taʕzimā			تَعْزِمْنَ taʕzimna	يَعْزِمْنَ yaʕzimna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَعْزِمْ ʔaʕzim	تَعْزِمْ taʕzim	يَعْزِمْ yaʕzim		تَعْزِمَا taʕzimā	يَعْزِمَا yaʕzimā		نَعْزِمْ naʕzim	تَعْزِمُوا taʕzimū	يَعْزِمُوا yaʕzimū
	f		تَعْزِمِي taʕzimī	تَعْزِمْ taʕzim			تَعْزِمَا taʕzimā			تَعْزِمْنَ taʕzimna	يَعْزِمْنَ yaʕzimna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِعْزِمْ iʕzim			اِعْزِمَا iʕzimā				اِعْزِمُوا iʕzimū
	f		اِعْزِمِي iʕzimī							اِعْزِمْنَ iʕzimna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	عُزِمْتُ ʕuzimtu	عُزِمْتَ ʕuzimta	عُزِمَ ʕuzima		عُزِمْتُمَا ʕuzimtumā	عُزِمَا ʕuzimā		عُزِمْنَا ʕuzimnā	عُزِمْتُمْ ʕuzimtum	عُزِمُوا ʕuzimū
	f		عُزِمْتِ ʕuzimti	عُزِمَتْ ʕuzimat			عُزِمَتَا ʕuzimatā			عُزِمْتُنَّ ʕuzimtunna	عُزِمْنَ ʕuzimna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُعْزَمُ ʔuʕzamu	تُعْزَمُ tuʕzamu	يُعْزَمُ yuʕzamu		تُعْزَمَانِ tuʕzamāni	يُعْزَمَانِ yuʕzamāni		نُعْزَمُ nuʕzamu	تُعْزَمُونَ tuʕzamūna	يُعْزَمُونَ yuʕzamūna
	f		تُعْزَمِينَ tuʕzamīna	تُعْزَمُ tuʕzamu			تُعْزَمَانِ tuʕzamāni			تُعْزَمْنَ tuʕzamna	يُعْزَمْنَ yuʕzamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُعْزَمَ ʔuʕzama	تُعْزَمَ tuʕzama	يُعْزَمَ yuʕzama		تُعْزَمَا tuʕzamā	يُعْزَمَا yuʕzamā		نُعْزَمَ nuʕzama	تُعْزَمُوا tuʕzamū	يُعْزَمُوا yuʕzamū
	f		تُعْزَمِي tuʕzamī	تُعْزَمَ tuʕzama			تُعْزَمَا tuʕzamā			تُعْزَمْنَ tuʕzamna	يُعْزَمْنَ yuʕzamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُعْزَمْ ʔuʕzam	تُعْزَمْ tuʕzam	يُعْزَمْ yuʕzam		تُعْزَمَا tuʕzamā	يُعْزَمَا yuʕzamā		نُعْزَمْ nuʕzam	تُعْزَمُوا tuʕzamū	يُعْزَمُوا yuʕzamū
	f		تُعْزَمِي tuʕzamī	تُعْزَمْ tuʕzam			تُعْزَمَا tuʕzamā			تُعْزَمْنَ tuʕzamna	يُعْزَمْنَ yuʕzamna

Noun

عَزْم or عُزْم • (ʕazm or ʕuzm) m (plural عُزُوم (ʕuzūm))

1. verbal noun of عَزَمَ (ʕazama) (form I)
2. firm resolution, resolve, determination
   • 1962, Ghassan Kanafani, رجال في الشمس [Men in the Sun]:

     كَانَ ٱلْأُفُقُ مَجْمُوعَةً مِنَ ٱلْخُطُوطِ ٱلْمُسْتَقِيمَةِ، وَلٰكِنَّهُ كَانَ قَدْ عَقَدَ عَزْمَهُ عَلَى ٱلْمَسِيرِ بِجِدٍّ

     kāna l-ʔufuqu majmūʕatan mina l-ḵuṭūṭi l-mustaqīmati, walākinnahu kāna qad ʕaqada ʕazmahu ʕalā l-masīri bijiddin

     The horizon was a collection of straight, orange lines, but he had taken a firm decision to go forward, doggedly.

3. decision
4. energy
5. (physics) torque

Declension

Declension of noun عَزْم (ʕazm)‎; عُزْم (ʕuzm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عَزْم‎; عُزْم ʕazm‎; ʕuzm	الْعَزْم‎; الْعُزْم al-ʕazm‎; al-ʕuzm	عَزْم‎; عُزْم ʕazm‎; ʕuzm
Nominative	عَزْمٌ‎; عُزْمٌ ʕazmun‎; ʕuzmun	الْعَزْمُ‎; الْعُزْمُ al-ʕazmu‎; al-ʕuzmu	عَزْمُ‎; عُزْمُ ʕazmu‎; ʕuzmu
Accusative	عَزْمًا‎; عُزْمًا ʕazman‎; ʕuzman	الْعَزْمَ‎; الْعُزْمَ al-ʕazma‎; al-ʕuzma	عَزْمَ‎; عُزْمَ ʕazma‎; ʕuzma
Genitive	عَزْمٍ‎; عُزْمٍ ʕazmin‎; ʕuzmin	الْعَزْمِ‎; الْعُزْمِ al-ʕazmi‎; al-ʕuzmi	عَزْمِ‎; عُزْمِ ʕazmi‎; ʕuzmi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عَزْمَيْن‎; عُزْمَيْن ʕazmayn‎; ʕuzmayn	الْعَزْمَيْن‎; الْعُزْمَيْن al-ʕazmayn‎; al-ʕuzmayn	عَزْمَيْ‎; عُزْمَيْ ʕazmay‎; ʕuzmay
Nominative	عَزْمَانِ‎; عُزْمَانِ ʕazmāni‎; ʕuzmāni	الْعَزْمَانِ‎; الْعُزْمَانِ al-ʕazmāni‎; al-ʕuzmāni	عَزْمَا‎; عُزْمَا ʕazmā‎; ʕuzmā
Accusative	عَزْمَيْنِ‎; عُزْمَيْنِ ʕazmayni‎; ʕuzmayni	الْعَزْمَيْنِ‎; الْعُزْمَيْنِ al-ʕazmayni‎; al-ʕuzmayni	عَزْمَيْ‎; عُزْمَيْ ʕazmay‎; ʕuzmay
Genitive	عَزْمَيْنِ‎; عُزْمَيْنِ ʕazmayni‎; ʕuzmayni	الْعَزْمَيْنِ‎; الْعُزْمَيْنِ al-ʕazmayni‎; al-ʕuzmayni	عَزْمَيْ‎; عُزْمَيْ ʕazmay‎; ʕuzmay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عُزُوم ʕuzūm	الْعُزُوم al-ʕuzūm	عُزُوم ʕuzūm
Nominative	عُزُومٌ ʕuzūmun	الْعُزُومُ al-ʕuzūmu	عُزُومُ ʕuzūmu
Accusative	عُزُومًا ʕuzūman	الْعُزُومَ al-ʕuzūma	عُزُومَ ʕuzūma
Genitive	عُزُومٍ ʕuzūmin	الْعُزُومِ al-ʕuzūmi	عُزُومِ ʕuzūmi

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: əzm
• → Chagatai: عزم
  • Uyghur: ئەزم (ezm)
  • Uzbek: azm
• → Ottoman Turkish: عزم (azm)
  • Turkish: azim
• → Persian: عزم ('azm)
• → Turkmen: azm
• → Urdu: عزم (ʻazm)

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic عَزْم (ʕazm).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔazm]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäzm]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäzm]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔäzm]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔäzm]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔæzm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäzm]

Readings
Classical reading?	azm
Dari reading?	azm
Iranian reading?	azm
Tajik reading?	azm

Noun

Dari	عزم
Iranian Persian
Tajik	азм

عزم • ('azm)

1. determination, resolve

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “عزم”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ع ز م
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic عَزَمَ (ʕazama).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʕa.zam/, [ˈʕa.zam]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

Verb

عزم • (ʕazam) I (present بعزم (biʕzim))

1. to invite

Conjugation

Conjugation of عزم (ʕazam)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	عزمت (ʕazamt)	عزمت (ʕazamt)	عزم (ʕazam)		عزمنا (ʕazamna)	عزمتو (ʕazamtu)	عزمو (ʕazamu)
	f		عزمتي (ʕazamti)	عزمت (ʕazmat)
present	m	بعزم (baʕzim)	بتعزم (btiʕzim)	بعزم (biʕzim)		منعزم (mniʕzim)	بتعزمو (btiʕzimu)	بعزمو (biʕzimu)
	f		بتعزمي (btiʕzimi)	بتعزم (btiʕzim)
subjunctive	m	أعزم (ʔaʕzim)	تعزم (tiʕzim)	يعزم (yiʕzim)		نعزم (niʕzim)	تعزمو (tiʕzimu)	يعزمو (yiʕzimu)
	f		تعزمي (tiʕzimi)	تعزم (tiʕzim)
imperative	m		اعزم (iʕzim)				اعزمو (iʕzimu)
	f		اعزمي (iʕzimi)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic عَزْم (ʕazm).

Noun

عزم • (azm) m (Hindi spelling अज़्म)

1. determination, resolve, resolution