See also: ع ظ م

Arabic edit

Root
ع ظ م (ʕ-ẓ-m)

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Semitic *ʕaṯ̣m-.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ʕaðˤm/
  • (file)

Noun edit

عَظْم (ʕaẓmm (plural عِظَام (ʕiẓām) or أَعْظُم (ʔaʕẓum))

  1. bone
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 75:3:
      أَیَحۡسَبُ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ أَلَّن نَّجۡمَع عِظَامَهُۥ.
      Thinketh man that We shall not assemble his bones?
    • a. 965 CE, Al-Mutanabbi, رَأَيْتُكَ تُوسِعُ ٱلشُّعَرَاءَ نَيْلًا (raʔaytuka tūsiʕu š-šuʕarāʔa naylan):
      رَأَيْتُكَ تُوسِعُ ٱلشُّعَرَاءَ نَيْلًا / حَدِيثَهُمُ ٱلْمُوَلَّدَ وَٱلْقَدِيمَا
      فَتُعْطِي مَنْ بَقَى مَالًا جَسِيمًا / وَتُعْطِي مَنْ مَضَى شَرَفًا عَظِيمَا
      سَمِعْتُكَ مُنْشِدًا بَيْتَيْ زِيَادٍ / نَشِيدًا مِثْلَ مُنْشِدِهِ كَرِيمَا
      فَمَا أَنْكَرْتُ مَوْضِعَهُ وَلَٰكِنْ / غَبَطْتُ بِذَاكَ أَعْظُمَهُ ٱلرَّمِيمَا
      raʔaytuka tūsiʕu š-šuʕarāʔa naylan / ḥadīṯahumu l-muwallada wal-qadīmā
      fatuʕṭī man baqā mālan jasīman / watuʕṭī man maḍā šarafan ʕaẓīmā
      samiʕtuka munšidan baytay ziyādin / našīdan miṯla munšidihi karīmā
      famā ʔankartu mawḍiʕahu walākin / ḡabaṭtu biḏāka ʔaʕẓumahu r-ramīmā
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension edit
Descendants edit
  • Gulf Arabic: عظم (ʕaḏ̣am)
  • Maltese: għadam
  • Moroccan Arabic: عضم (ʕḍam)
  • South Levantine Arabic: عضم (ʕaḍm)
  • Azerbaijani: əzm
  • Ottoman Turkish: عظم (azm)
  • Persian: عظم ('azm)

Etymology 2 edit

Root
ع ظ م (ʕ-ẓ-m)

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

عَظُمَ (ʕaẓuma) I, non-past يَعْظُمُ‎ (yaʕẓumu)

  1. (intransitive) to be great
    إِلٰهِي إِنْ عَظُمَ الذَّنْبُ مِنْ عَبْدِكَ فَلْيَحْسُنِ العَفْوُ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ.
    ʔilāhī ʔin ʕaẓuma aḏ-ḏanbu min ʕabdika falyaḥsuni l-ʕafwu min ʕindika.
    My God if the wrongdoing of your worshipper has gotten great then let your forgiveness be splendid.
Conjugation edit

Etymology 3 edit

Root
ع ظ م (ʕ-ẓ-m)

Compare عَظِيم (ʕaẓīm, great, powerful, important).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

عِظَم or عُظْم (ʕiẓam or ʕuẓmm

  1. verbal noun of عَظُمَ (ʕaẓuma) (form I)
  2. greatness, magnitude, power
  3. pomp
  4. bulk, extent, thickness
  5. importance
  6. pride
  7. crowd, multitude
  8. (historical, medicine, pathology) enlargement of an organ (in nomenclature of conditions)
    Antonym: تَصَغُّر (taṣaḡḡur)
    عِظَم الكَبِدʕiẓam al-kabidhepatomegaly (enlargement of the liver)
Declension edit

Etymology 4 edit

Form-II causative of عَظُمَ (ʕaẓuma).

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

عَظَّمَ (ʕaẓẓama) II, non-past يُعَظِّمُ‎ (yuʕaẓẓimu)

  1. (transitive, causative) to make great
Conjugation edit

References edit

Hijazi Arabic edit

Root
ع ظ م
1 term

Etymology 1 edit

From Arabic عَظْم (ʕaẓm).

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ʕa.dˤim/, /ʕa.dˤum/

Noun edit

عَظِم or عَظُم (ʕaḍim or ʕaḍumm (construct state عَظْم (ʕaḍm), plural عظام (ʕiḍām))

  1. bone

Etymology 2 edit

Learned borrowing from Arabic عَظَّمَ (ʕaẓẓama).

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ʕazˤ.zˤam/, /ʕaðˤ.ðˤam/

Verb edit

عظم (ʕaẓẓam) II (non-past يِعَظِّم (yiʕaẓẓim))

  1. (transitive, causative) to make great
Conjugation edit
    Conjugation of عظم (ʕaẓẓam)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m عظمت (ʕaẓẓamt) عظمت (ʕaẓẓamt) عظم (ʕaẓẓam) عظمنا (ʕaẓẓamna) عظمتوا (ʕaẓẓamtu) عظموا (ʕaẓẓamu)
f عظمتي (ʕaẓẓamti) عظمت (ʕaẓẓamat)
non-past m أعظم (ʔaʕaẓẓim) تعظم (tiʕaẓẓim) يعظم (yiʕaẓẓim) نعظم (niʕaẓẓim) تعظموا (tiʕaẓẓimu) يعظموا (yiʕaẓẓimu)
f تعظمي (tiʕaẓẓimi) تعظم (tiʕaẓẓim)
imperative m عظم (ʕaẓẓim) عظموا (ʕaẓẓimu)
f عظمي (ʕaẓẓimi)

Ottoman Turkish edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Arabic عَظْم (ʕaẓm).

Noun edit

عظم (ʿazm) (plural عظام)

  1. bone, any of the components of an endoskeleton
    Synonyms: استخوان (ustuhan), سوموك (sumuk), كمیك (kemik)

Derived terms edit

  • عظمی (ʿazmi, of bone, osseous)

Descendants edit

Further reading edit

Persian edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Arabic عَظْم (ʕaẓm).

Pronunciation edit

 

Readings
Classical reading? azm
Dari reading? azm
Iranian reading? azm
Tajik reading? azm

Noun edit

Dari عظم
Iranian Persian
Tajik азм

عظم ('azm)

  1. bone
    Synonym: استخوان (ostoxân)

Further reading edit

  • Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “عظم”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

Urdu edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Classical Persian عظم ('azm), from Arabic عَظْم (ʕaẓm).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

عَظْم ('azmm (Hindi spelling अज़्म)

  1. bone

References edit

  • عظم”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • عظم”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.