فطر
Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
Root |
---|
ف ط ر (f-ṭ-r) |
Cognate to Hebrew פָטַר (pāṭar, “to set free, to let out, to release, to dismiss”), Aramaic פָטַר (pāṭar, “to cleave, to separate, to free, to discharge”), Aramaic פְטַר (pəṭar, “to free, to release, to dismiss”), Classical Syriac ܦܛܰܪ (pṭar, “to leave, to desist from; to shoot out; to separate, to dissolve; to dismiss”), Ugaritic 𐎔𐎉𐎗 (pṭr, “to split”), hypercorrected Ugaritic 𐎔𐎑𐎗 (pẓr, “to free, to loosen, to let go”), Akkadian 𒃮 (DUḪ /paṭāru/, “to loosen, to detach; to relax, to slacken; to release, to let free; to disperse”), and Ge'ez ፈጠረ (fäṭärä, “to carve; to feign; to create”) which has been borrowed into a second فَطَرَ (faṭara).
Verb edit
فَطَرَ • (faṭara) I, non-past يَفْطُرُ (yafṭuru)
- to rip apart, to rend the seam, to cleave, to break apart, to crack
- to split open, to cut open, to slit open, to crack
- to lance, to lacerate, to gash, to cut, to make an incision
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
فَطْر faṭr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
fāṭir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mafṭūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | faṭartu |
faṭarta |
فَطَرَ faṭara |
faṭartumā |
faṭarā |
faṭarnā |
faṭartum |
faṭarū | |||
f | faṭarti |
faṭarat |
faṭaratā |
faṭartunna |
faṭarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔafṭuru |
tafṭuru |
yafṭuru |
tafṭurāni |
yafṭurāni |
nafṭuru |
tafṭurūna |
yafṭurūna | |||
f | tafṭurīna |
tafṭuru |
tafṭurāni |
tafṭurna |
yafṭurna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔafṭura |
tafṭura |
yafṭura |
tafṭurā |
yafṭurā |
nafṭura |
tafṭurū |
yafṭurū | |||
f | tafṭurī |
tafṭura |
tafṭurā |
tafṭurna |
yafṭurna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔafṭur |
tafṭur |
yafṭur |
tafṭurā |
yafṭurā |
nafṭur |
tafṭurū |
yafṭurū | |||
f | tafṭurī |
tafṭur |
tafṭurā |
tafṭurna |
yafṭurna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ufṭur |
ufṭurā |
ufṭurū |
||||||||
f | ufṭurī |
ufṭurna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | fuṭirtu |
fuṭirta |
فُطِرَ fuṭira |
fuṭirtumā |
fuṭirā |
fuṭirnā |
fuṭirtum |
fuṭirū | |||
f | fuṭirti |
fuṭirat |
fuṭiratā |
fuṭirtunna |
fuṭirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔufṭaru |
tufṭaru |
yufṭaru |
tufṭarāni |
yufṭarāni |
nufṭaru |
tufṭarūna |
yufṭarūna | |||
f | tufṭarīna |
tufṭaru |
tufṭarāni |
tufṭarna |
yufṭarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔufṭara |
tufṭara |
yufṭara |
tufṭarā |
yufṭarā |
nufṭara |
tufṭarū |
yufṭarū | |||
f | tufṭarī |
tufṭara |
tufṭarā |
tufṭarna |
yufṭarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔufṭar |
tufṭar |
yufṭar |
tufṭarā |
yufṭarā |
nufṭar |
tufṭarū |
yufṭarū | |||
f | tufṭarī |
tufṭar |
tufṭarā |
tufṭarna |
yufṭarna |
Verb edit
فَطَرَ • (faṭara) I, non-past يَفْطُرُ (yafṭuru)
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
fuṭūr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
fāṭir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mafṭūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | faṭartu |
faṭarta |
فَطَرَ faṭara |
faṭartumā |
faṭarā |
faṭarnā |
faṭartum |
faṭarū | |||
f | faṭarti |
faṭarat |
faṭaratā |
faṭartunna |
faṭarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔafṭuru |
tafṭuru |
yafṭuru |
tafṭurāni |
yafṭurāni |
nafṭuru |
tafṭurūna |
yafṭurūna | |||
f | tafṭurīna |
tafṭuru |
tafṭurāni |
tafṭurna |
yafṭurna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔafṭura |
tafṭura |
yafṭura |
tafṭurā |
yafṭurā |
nafṭura |
tafṭurū |
yafṭurū | |||
f | tafṭurī |
tafṭura |
tafṭurā |
tafṭurna |
yafṭurna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔafṭur |
tafṭur |
yafṭur |
tafṭurā |
yafṭurā |
nafṭur |
tafṭurū |
yafṭurū | |||
f | tafṭurī |
tafṭur |
tafṭurā |
tafṭurna |
yafṭurna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ufṭur |
ufṭurā |
ufṭurū |
||||||||
f | ufṭurī |
ufṭurna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | فُطِرَ fuṭira |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | yufṭaru |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | yufṭara |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | yufṭar |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
Noun edit
فَطْر • (faṭr) m (plural فُطُور (fuṭūr))
Declension edit
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | فَطْر faṭr |
الْفَطْر al-faṭr |
فَطْر faṭr |
Nominative | فَطْرٌ faṭrun |
الْفَطْرُ al-faṭru |
فَطْرُ faṭru |
Accusative | فَطْرًا faṭran |
الْفَطْرَ al-faṭra |
فَطْرَ faṭra |
Genitive | فَطْرٍ faṭrin |
الْفَطْرِ al-faṭri |
فَطْرِ faṭri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | فَطْرَيْن faṭrayn |
الْفَطْرَيْن al-faṭrayn |
فَطْرَيْ faṭray |
Nominative | فَطْرَانِ faṭrāni |
الْفَطْرَانِ al-faṭrāni |
فَطْرَا faṭrā |
Accusative | فَطْرَيْنِ faṭrayni |
الْفَطْرَيْنِ al-faṭrayni |
فَطْرَيْ faṭray |
Genitive | فَطْرَيْنِ faṭrayni |
الْفَطْرَيْنِ al-faṭrayni |
فَطْرَيْ faṭray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | فُطُور fuṭūr |
الْفُطُور al-fuṭūr |
فُطُور fuṭūr |
Nominative | فُطُورٌ fuṭūrun |
الْفُطُورُ al-fuṭūru |
فُطُورُ fuṭūru |
Accusative | فُطُورًا fuṭūran |
الْفُطُورَ al-fuṭūra |
فُطُورَ fuṭūra |
Genitive | فُطُورٍ fuṭūrin |
الْفُطُورِ al-fuṭūri |
فُطُورِ fuṭūri |
Noun edit
فِطْر • (fiṭr) m
- breaking of the fast
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
- عِيدُ ٱلْفِطْرِ (ʕīdu l-fiṭri)
Noun edit
فُطْر • (fuṭr) m (collective, singulative فُطْرَة f (fuṭra))
- fungi, mushrooms
- Synonym: عَيْش الْغُرَاب (ʕayš al-ḡurāb)
Declension edit
Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | فُطْر fuṭr |
الْفُطْر al-fuṭr |
فُطْر fuṭr |
Nominative | فُطْرٌ fuṭrun |
الْفُطْرُ al-fuṭru |
فُطْرُ fuṭru |
Accusative | فُطْرًا fuṭran |
الْفُطْرَ al-fuṭra |
فُطْرَ fuṭra |
Genitive | فُطْرٍ fuṭrin |
الْفُطْرِ al-fuṭri |
فُطْرِ fuṭri |
Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | فُطْرَة fuṭra |
الْفُطْرَة al-fuṭra |
فُطْرَة fuṭrat |
Nominative | فُطْرَةٌ fuṭratun |
الْفُطْرَةُ al-fuṭratu |
فُطْرَةُ fuṭratu |
Accusative | فُطْرَةً fuṭratan |
الْفُطْرَةَ al-fuṭrata |
فُطْرَةَ fuṭrata |
Genitive | فُطْرَةٍ fuṭratin |
الْفُطْرَةِ al-fuṭrati |
فُطْرَةِ fuṭrati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | فُطْرَتَيْن fuṭratayn |
الْفُطْرَتَيْن al-fuṭratayn |
فُطْرَتَيْ fuṭratay |
Nominative | فُطْرَتَانِ fuṭratāni |
الْفُطْرَتَانِ al-fuṭratāni |
فُطْرَتَا fuṭratā |
Accusative | فُطْرَتَيْنِ fuṭratayni |
الْفُطْرَتَيْنِ al-fuṭratayni |
فُطْرَتَيْ fuṭratay |
Genitive | فُطْرَتَيْنِ fuṭratayni |
الْفُطْرَتَيْنِ al-fuṭratayni |
فُطْرَتَيْ fuṭratay |
Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | فُطْرَات fuṭrāt |
الْفُطْرَات al-fuṭrāt |
فُطْرَات fuṭrāt |
Nominative | فُطْرَاتٌ fuṭrātun |
الْفُطْرَاتُ al-fuṭrātu |
فُطْرَاتُ fuṭrātu |
Accusative | فُطْرَاتٍ fuṭrātin |
الْفُطْرَاتِ al-fuṭrāti |
فُطْرَاتِ fuṭrāti |
Genitive | فُطْرَاتٍ fuṭrātin |
الْفُطْرَاتِ al-fuṭrāti |
فُطْرَاتِ fuṭrāti |
Etymology 2 edit
From Ge'ez ፈጠረ (fäṭärä). Doublet of the former فَطَرَ (faṭara) for the Ethiopic one is cognate.
Verb edit
فَطَرَ • (faṭara) I, non-past يَفْطُرُ (yafṭuru)
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
فَطْر faṭr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
fāṭir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mafṭūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | faṭartu |
faṭarta |
فَطَرَ faṭara |
faṭartumā |
faṭarā |
faṭarnā |
faṭartum |
faṭarū | |||
f | faṭarti |
faṭarat |
faṭaratā |
faṭartunna |
faṭarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔafṭuru |
tafṭuru |
yafṭuru |
tafṭurāni |
yafṭurāni |
nafṭuru |
tafṭurūna |
yafṭurūna | |||
f | tafṭurīna |
tafṭuru |
tafṭurāni |
tafṭurna |
yafṭurna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔafṭura |
tafṭura |
yafṭura |
tafṭurā |
yafṭurā |
nafṭura |
tafṭurū |
yafṭurū | |||
f | tafṭurī |
tafṭura |
tafṭurā |
tafṭurna |
yafṭurna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔafṭur |
tafṭur |
yafṭur |
tafṭurā |
yafṭurā |
nafṭur |
tafṭurū |
yafṭurū | |||
f | tafṭurī |
tafṭur |
tafṭurā |
tafṭurna |
yafṭurna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ufṭur |
ufṭurā |
ufṭurū |
||||||||
f | ufṭurī |
ufṭurna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | fuṭirtu |
fuṭirta |
فُطِرَ fuṭira |
fuṭirtumā |
fuṭirā |
fuṭirnā |
fuṭirtum |
fuṭirū | |||
f | fuṭirti |
fuṭirat |
fuṭiratā |
fuṭirtunna |
fuṭirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔufṭaru |
tufṭaru |
yufṭaru |
tufṭarāni |
yufṭarāni |
nufṭaru |
tufṭarūna |
yufṭarūna | |||
f | tufṭarīna |
tufṭaru |
tufṭarāni |
tufṭarna |
yufṭarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔufṭara |
tufṭara |
yufṭara |
tufṭarā |
yufṭarā |
nufṭara |
tufṭarū |
yufṭarū | |||
f | tufṭarī |
tufṭara |
tufṭarā |
tufṭarna |
yufṭarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔufṭar |
tufṭar |
yufṭar |
tufṭarā |
yufṭarā |
nufṭar |
tufṭarū |
yufṭarū | |||
f | tufṭarī |
tufṭar |
tufṭarā |
tufṭarna |
yufṭarna |
Noun edit
فَطْر • (faṭr) m
- verbal noun of فَطَرَ (faṭara) (form I)
Declension edit
Noun edit
فِطَر • (fiṭar) f pl
- plural of فِطْرَة (fiṭra, “nature, disposition, constitution, temperament, instinct”)
References edit
- Freytag, Georg (1835) “فطر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 357
- Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft[2] (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 49
- Schwally, Friedrich (1899) “Lexikalische Studien. (Fortsetzung.)”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft[3] (in German), volume 53, page 201
South Levantine Arabic edit
Root |
---|
ف ط ر |
2 terms |
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
فطر • (fiṭir) I (present بفطر (bifṭar))
- to break one's fast
- to eat breakfast
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of فطر (fiṭir) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | فطرت (fṭirt) | فطرت (fṭirt) | فطر (fiṭir) | فطرنا (fṭirna) | فطرتو (fṭirtu) | فطرو (fiṭru) | |
f | فطرتي (fṭirti) | فطرت (fiṭrat) | ||||||
present | m | بفطر (bafṭar) | بتفطر (btifṭar) | بفطر (bifṭar) | منفطر (mnifṭar) | بتفطرو (btifṭaru) | بفطرو (bifṭaru) | |
f | بتفطري (btifṭari) | بتفطر (btifṭar) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | أفطر (ʔafṭar) | تفطر (tifṭar) | يفطر (yifṭar) | نفطر (nifṭar) | تفطرو (tifṭaru) | يفطرو (yifṭaru) | |
f | تفطري (tifṭari) | تفطر (tifṭar) | ||||||
imperative | m | افطر (ifṭar) | افطرو (ifṭaru) | |||||
f | افطري (ifṭari) |
See also edit
- فطور (fṭūr, “breakfast”)
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
فطر • (fiṭr) m (collective)