لبن
Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-West Semitic *laban-, from the root ل ب ن (l-b-n). Cognate to Hebrew לָבָן (laván, “white”), Ugaritic 𐎍𐎁𐎐 (lbn), and Phoenician 𐤋𐤁𐤍 (lbn).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
لَبَن • (laban) m (plural أَلْبَان (ʔalbān) or لِبَان (libān))
- (uncountable, Standard Arabic and Egypt colloquial) milk
- لَا تَأْكُلِ السَّمَكَ وَتَشْرَبَ اللَّبَنَ
- lā taʔkuli s-samaka watašraba al-labana
- Do not eat fish and drink milk at the same time.
- (uncountable, Levantine, Iraq, Peninsula) coagulated sour milk; yogurt (often strained yogurt); “leban”
- Synonyms: زَبَادِيّ (zabādiyy) (the original Egyptian word formed from زِبْدَة (zibda, “butter”)), لَبَن رَائِب (laban rāʔib) (specified to avoid confusion), رَوْب (rawb) (strictly curdled milk), يُوغُورْت (yūḡūrt), مَاسْت (māst) (Classical Arabic), جُغْرَات ~ صُقْرَاط (juḡrāt ~ ṣuqrāṭ) (Classical Arabic)
- (uncountable, Kuwait, Morocco, Algeria) coagulated milk drink specifically (i.e. excluding yoghurt); yoghurt or buttermilk drink.
- اَلْأَلْبَان (al-ʔalbān): dairy products
Declension edit
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | لَبَن laban |
اللَّبَن al-laban |
لَبَن laban |
Nominative | لَبَنٌ labanun |
اللَّبَنُ al-labanu |
لَبَنُ labanu |
Accusative | لَبَنًا labanan |
اللَّبَنَ al-labana |
لَبَنَ labana |
Genitive | لَبَنٍ labanin |
اللَّبَنِ al-labani |
لَبَنِ labani |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | لَبَنَيْن labanayn |
اللَّبَنَيْن al-labanayn |
لَبَنَيْ labanay |
Nominative | لَبَنَانِ labanāni |
اللَّبَنَانِ al-labanāni |
لَبَنَا labanā |
Accusative | لَبَنَيْنِ labanayni |
اللَّبَنَيْنِ al-labanayni |
لَبَنَيْ labanay |
Genitive | لَبَنَيْنِ labanayni |
اللَّبَنَيْنِ al-labanayni |
لَبَنَيْ labanay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَلْبَان; لِبَان ʔalbān; libān |
الْأَلْبَان; اللِّبَان al-ʔalbān; al-libān |
أَلْبَان; لِبَان ʔalbān; libān |
Nominative | أَلْبَانٌ; لِبَانٌ ʔalbānun; libānun |
الْأَلْبَانُ; اللِّبَانُ al-ʔalbānu; al-libānu |
أَلْبَانُ; لِبَانُ ʔalbānu; libānu |
Accusative | أَلْبَانًا; لِبَانًا ʔalbānan; libānan |
الْأَلْبَانَ; اللِّبَانَ al-ʔalbāna; al-libāna |
أَلْبَانَ; لِبَانَ ʔalbāna; libāna |
Genitive | أَلْبَانٍ; لِبَانٍ ʔalbānin; libānin |
الْأَلْبَانِ; اللِّبَانِ al-ʔalbāni; al-libāni |
أَلْبَانِ; لِبَانِ ʔalbāni; libāni |
Synonyms edit
- حَلِيب (ḥalīb)
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
As Hebrew לְבֵנָה (ləḇenā́, “brick”) borrowed from Aramaic לְבִינְּתָּא (ləḇinṯā, ləḇittā) (written in Classical Syriac ܠܒܬܐ (ləḇettā)), from Akkadian 𒋞 (SIG4 /libittu/), whence also Ugaritic 𐎍𐎁𐎐𐎚 (lbnt), from the root in Akkadian corresponding to ل ب ن (l-b-n), apparently the singulative in Arabic came first.
Noun edit
لِبْن or لَبِن • (libn or labin) m (collective, singulative لِبْنَة f (libna) or لَبِنَة (labina))
Declension edit
Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | لِبْن; لَبِن libn; labin |
اللِّبْن; اللَّبِن al-libn; al-labin |
لِبْن; لَبِن libn; labin |
Nominative | لِبْنٌ; لَبِنٌ libnun; labinun |
اللِّبْنُ; اللَّبِنُ al-libnu; al-labinu |
لِبْنُ; لَبِنُ libnu; labinu |
Accusative | لِبْنًا; لَبِنًا libnan; labinan |
اللِّبْنَ; اللَّبِنَ al-libna; al-labina |
لِبْنَ; لَبِنَ libna; labina |
Genitive | لِبْنٍ; لَبِنٍ libnin; labinin |
اللِّبْنِ; اللَّبِنِ al-libni; al-labini |
لِبْنِ; لَبِنِ libni; labini |
Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | لِبْنَة; لَبِنَة libna; labina |
اللِّبْنَة; اللَّبِنَة al-libna; al-labina |
لِبْنَة; لَبِنَة libnat; labinat |
Nominative | لِبْنَةٌ; لَبِنَةٌ libnatun; labinatun |
اللِّبْنَةُ; اللَّبِنَةُ al-libnatu; al-labinatu |
لِبْنَةُ; لَبِنَةُ libnatu; labinatu |
Accusative | لِبْنَةً; لَبِنَةً libnatan; labinatan |
اللِّبْنَةَ; اللَّبِنَةَ al-libnata; al-labinata |
لِبْنَةَ; لَبِنَةَ libnata; labinata |
Genitive | لِبْنَةٍ; لَبِنَةٍ libnatin; labinatin |
اللِّبْنَةِ; اللَّبِنَةِ al-libnati; al-labinati |
لِبْنَةِ; لَبِنَةِ libnati; labinati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | لِبْنَتَيْن; لَبِنَتَيْن libnatayn; labinatayn |
اللِّبْنَتَيْن; اللَّبِنَتَيْن al-libnatayn; al-labinatayn |
لِبْنَتَيْ; لَبِنَتَيْ libnatay; labinatay |
Nominative | لِبْنَتَانِ; لَبِنَتَانِ libnatāni; labinatāni |
اللِّبْنَتَانِ; اللَّبِنَتَانِ al-libnatāni; al-labinatāni |
لِبْنَتَا; لَبِنَتَا libnatā; labinatā |
Accusative | لِبْنَتَيْنِ; لَبِنَتَيْنِ libnatayni; labinatayni |
اللِّبْنَتَيْنِ; اللَّبِنَتَيْنِ al-libnatayni; al-labinatayni |
لِبْنَتَيْ; لَبِنَتَيْ libnatay; labinatay |
Genitive | لِبْنَتَيْنِ; لَبِنَتَيْنِ libnatayni; labinatayni |
اللِّبْنَتَيْنِ; اللَّبِنَتَيْنِ al-libnatayni; al-labinatayni |
لِبْنَتَيْ; لَبِنَتَيْ libnatay; labinatay |
Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | لِبْنَات; لَبِنَات libnāt; labināt |
اللِّبْنَات; اللَّبِنَات al-libnāt; al-labināt |
لِبْنَات; لَبِنَات libnāt; labināt |
Nominative | لِبْنَاتٌ; لَبِنَاتٌ libnātun; labinātun |
اللِّبْنَاتُ; اللَّبِنَاتُ al-libnātu; al-labinātu |
لِبْنَاتُ; لَبِنَاتُ libnātu; labinātu |
Accusative | لِبْنَاتٍ; لَبِنَاتٍ libnātin; labinātin |
اللِّبْنَاتِ; اللَّبِنَاتِ al-libnāti; al-labināti |
لِبْنَاتِ; لَبِنَاتِ libnāti; labināti |
Genitive | لِبْنَاتٍ; لَبِنَاتٍ libnātin; labinātin |
اللِّبْنَاتِ; اللَّبِنَاتِ al-libnāti; al-labināti |
لِبْنَاتِ; لَبِنَاتِ libnāti; labināti |
Etymology 3 edit
Denominal verb of لَبِن (labin, “brick”).
Verb edit
لَبَّنَ • (labbana) II, non-past يُلَبِّنُ (yulabbinu)
- to make brick
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
talbīn | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mulabbin | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mulabban | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | labbantu |
labbanta |
لَبَّنَ labbana |
labbantumā |
labbanā |
labbannā |
labbantum |
labbanū | |||
f | labbanti |
labbanat |
labbanatā |
labbantunna |
لَبَّنَّ labbanna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔulabbinu |
tulabbinu |
yulabbinu |
tulabbināni |
yulabbināni |
nulabbinu |
tulabbinūna |
yulabbinūna | |||
f | tulabbinīna |
tulabbinu |
tulabbināni |
tulabbinna |
yulabbinna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔulabbina |
tulabbina |
yulabbina |
tulabbinā |
yulabbinā |
nulabbina |
tulabbinū |
yulabbinū | |||
f | tulabbinī |
tulabbina |
tulabbinā |
tulabbinna |
yulabbinna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔulabbin |
tulabbin |
yulabbin |
tulabbinā |
yulabbinā |
nulabbin |
tulabbinū |
yulabbinū | |||
f | tulabbinī |
tulabbin |
tulabbinā |
tulabbinna |
yulabbinna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | لَبِّنْ labbin |
labbinā |
labbinū |
||||||||
f | labbinī |
لَبِّنَّ labbinna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | لُبِّنَ lubbina |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | yulabbanu |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | yulabbana |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | yulabban |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
References edit
- “lbnh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 4–5
- Kaufman, Stephen A. (1974) The Akkadian Influences on Aramaic (The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago Assyriological Studies; 19)[1], Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 66
Gulf Arabic edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
لبن • (liban) m
- (uncountable) leban, coagulated sour milk; yogurt drink
Ottoman Turkish edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from Arabic لَبَن (laban, “milk”).
Noun edit
لبن • (leben)
- milk, a white liquid produced by the mammary glands of female mammals
- yogurt, leban, a milk-based product stiffened by a bacterium-aided curdling process
- Synonym: یوغورت (yoğurt)
Derived terms edit
- لبنی (lebeni, “pertaining to milk”)
Descendants edit
- Turkish: leben
Further reading edit
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “leben1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2948
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “leben”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat[2] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 651
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “لبن”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[3], Constantinople: Mihran, page 1074
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Lac”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[4], Vienna, column 898
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “لبن”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[5], Vienna, column 4147
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “لبن”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1624
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Arabic لِبْن (libn, “bricks, adobes”).
Noun edit
لبن • (libn)
Further reading edit
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Later”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[7], Vienna, column 918
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “لبن”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[8], Vienna, column 4147
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “لبن”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[9], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1624
South Levantine Arabic edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
لبن • (lában) m