کاغذ

See also: كاغذ, کاغد, and كاغد

Azerbaijani

Noun

کاغذ (kağız) (definite accusative کاغذی (kağızı), plural کاغذلار (kağızlar))

1. Arabic spelling of kağız

Declension

Declension of کاغذ

	singular	plural
nominative	کاغذ	کاغذلار
definite accusative	کاغذێ	کاغذلارێ
dative	کاغذا	کاغذلارا
locative	کاغذدا	کاغذلاردا
ablative	کاغذدان	کاغذلاردان
definite genitive	کاغذێن	کاغذلارێن

Persian

Alternative forms

• کاغد (kâğad, kâğed)
• قاغذ (qâğaz) (dialectal pronunciation)

Etymology

From Sogdian 𐼸𐼰𐼲𐼹𐼰 (kʾɣδʾ /⁠kāγaδā⁠/).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [kɑː.ɣað], [kɑː.ɣaz]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɑː.ɣäz]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɑː.ɣäz]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [kʰɑː.ɣäz]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [kʰɔː.ɣäz]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɒː.ɢæz], [kʰɒː.ɢez]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɔ.ʁäz]

Readings
Classical reading?	kāğaḏ, kāğaz
Dari reading?	kāğaz
Iranian reading?	kâğaz, kâğez
Tajik reading?	koġaz

• Audio (Iran)

  (file)

Noun

Dari	کاغذ
Iranian Persian
Tajik	коғаз

کاغَذ or کاغِذ • (kâğaz or kâğez) (plural کاغذها (kâğaz-hâ))

1. paper
   • Nāsir Xusraw, Safarnāma, section 22:

     و در آن جا کاغذ نیکو سازند مثل کاغذ سمرقندی بل بهتر

     va dar ân jâ kâğaz-i nêkô sâzand mis̱l-i kâğaz-i samarqandî bal bihtar

     And they make high-quality paper over there, similar to Samarqand paper, but even better.

2. letter

Derived terms

• کاغذی (kâğazi)
• کاغذبازی (kâğazbâzi)

Descendants

• → Arabic: كَاغَد (kāḡad), كَاغِذ (kāḡiḏ), كَاغَذ (kāḡaḏ), كَاغِيد (kāḡīd)
• → Georgian: ქაღალდი (kaɣaldi)
• → Hindustani:

  → Hindi: काग़ज़ (kāġaz), कागद (kāgad)

  • → Sanskrit: कर्गद (kargada)

  → Urdu: کاغَذ (kāġaz)

• → Bengali: কাগজ (kagoj)
• → Marathi: कागद (kāgad)
• → Punjabi: کاغذ / ਕਾਗ਼ਜ਼ (kāġaz)
• → Rajasthani: कागद (kāgad)
• → Sindhi: ڪاغذ (kāġazu)
• → Tamil: காகிதம் (kākitam)

References

• B. Gharib (2013) “Sogdian language i. Loanwords in Persian”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “کاغذ”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
• Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864) “کاغذ”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume II, Gießen: J. Ricker, pages 773–774

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian کاغذ (kāğaz). Compare Sindhi ڪاغذ (kāġazu), Urdu کاغذ (kāġaz).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Punjabi) IPA^(key): /käː.ɣəz/

Noun

کاغذ • (kāġaz) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਕਾਗ਼ਜ਼)

1. paper

Declension

Declension of کاغذ
dir. sg.	کاغذ (kāġẕ)
dir. pl.	کاغذ (kāġẕ)
	singular	plural
direct	کاغذ (kāġẕ)	کاغذ (kāġẕ)
oblique	کاغذ (kāġẕ)	کاغذاں (kāġẕāṉ)
vocative	کاغذا (kāġẕā)	کاغذو (kāġẕo)
ablative	کاغذوں (kāġẕoṉ)	—
locative	کاغذے (kāġẕe)	کاغذِیں (kāġẕīṉ)
instrumental	کاغذے (kāġẕe)	کاغذِیں (kāġẕīṉ)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian کَاغَذ (kāğaz). Compare Sindhi ڪاغذ (kāġazu).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /kɑː.ɣəz/

• Audio (Pakistan)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -əz
• Hyphenation: کا‧غَذ

Noun

کاغَذ • (kāġaz) m (formal plural کاغَذات (kāġazāt), Hindi spelling काग़ज़)

1. paper, document

   Synonym: دَسْتَاویز (dastāvez)

2. epistle, letter
3. note, writing (ie. in writing, connoted with a permission slip)
4. (dated) newspaper
5. (often in the plural) legal documents; status (as opposed to being an alien with no legality)

Declension

Declension of کاغذ
	singular	plural
direct	کاغَذ (kāġaz)	کاغَذ (kāġaz)
oblique	کاغَذ (kāġaz)	کاغَذوں (kāġazō̃)
vocative	کاغَذ (kāġaz)	کاغَذو (kāġazō)

Further reading

• “کاغذ”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “کاغذ”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “کاغذ”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John Thompson (1884) “کاغذ”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., →ISBN, →OCLC
• S. W. Fallon (1879) “کاغذ”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
• John Shakespear (1834) “کاغذ”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3^rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC

Ushojo

Etymology

From Urdu کاغَذ (kāġaz).

Noun

کاغذ (kāğaz)

1. paper

   Synonym: قاغز (qāğaz)

2. trash, junk, waste