ܫܘܩܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Root
ܫ ܘ ܩ (š w q)
4 terms

Etymology

From Aramaic שׁוּקָא (šūqā, “street, market”), from Akkadian 𒋻 (sūqum, “street”), from Akkadian 𒋛𒀀𒄣 (siāqum, “to become narrow”); cognate with Arabic ضَيِّق (ḍayyiq) and Ugaritic 𐎕𐎊𐎖 (ṣyq, “narrow”). Also borrowed into Arabic سُوق (sūq) and Hebrew שׁוּק (shuk). Doublet of ܥܵܝܸܩ (ˁāyiq).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʃuːqɑː]

Noun

ܫܘܼܩܵܐ • (šūqā) m sg (plural ܫܘܼܩܹ̈ܐ (šūqē) or ܫܘܼܩܵܢܹ̈ܐ (šūqānē))

1. market, marketplace, square, street market, souq, bazaar, market street

   ܒܹܐܙܵܠܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܠܫܘܼܩܵܐ ܕܙܵܒ݂ܢܹܢ ܚܲܕ݇ܟ̰ܵܐ ܡܸܢܕܝܼܵܢܹ̈ܐ.

   bēzālā ìwen l-šūqā d-zāḇnēn ḥačā mindīyānē.

   I am going to the market to buy a few things.

2. (by extension) store, shop
3. (economics) market (formally organized system of trading in specified goods or effects)

Usage notes

• In traditional Aramaic-speaking areas, markets were located in streets laid out with market stalls. Therefore, there was no distinction between the marketplace itself and the type of streets that it took place in.
• For a paved street within a settlement (generally city or town) where markets do not take place in, see ܥܵܠܘܿܠܵܐ (ˁālōlā) or ܒܹܪܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (bērīṯā). For a narrow street, passageway, or alley, see ܥܵܠܘܿܠܬܵܐ (ˁālōltā) or ܫܩܵܩܵܐ (šqāqā).

Derived terms

• ܫܘܼܩܵܐ ܚܹܐܪܵܐ (šūqā ḥērā, “free market”)
• ܫܘܼܩܵܐ ܕܦܘܼܠܚܵܢܵܐ (šūqā dpulḥānā, “labour market”)
• ܫܘܼܩܵܐ ܐ݇ܟܘܿܡܵܐ (šūqā kōmā, “black market”)

Related terms

• ܫܲܘܸܩ (šawwiq, “to market”)
• ܫܲܘܲܩܬܵܐ (šawwaqtā, “marketing”)

Classical Syriac

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃuqɑ(ʔ)] (in the singular)
• IPA^(key): [ʃuqe(ʔ)] (in the plural)

Etymology 1

From Akkadian 𒋻 (sūqum, “street”), from Akkadian 𒋛𒀀𒄣 (siāqum, “to become narrow”). Cognate with Arabic ضَيِّق (ḍayyiq), Ugaritic 𐎕𐎊𐎖 (ṣyq, “narrow”).

Noun

ܫܘܩܐ • (šūqā’) m (plural ܫܘܩܐ)

1. street
2. square, plaza, forum, court
3. market, bazaar
4. open space
5. quarter, district, borough

Inflection

    inflection of ܫܘܩܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܘܩ	ܫܘܩܝܢ
construct	ܫܘܩ	ܫܘܩܝ
emphatic	ܫܘܩܐ	ܫܘܩܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܫܘܩܝ	ܫܘܩܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܫܘܩܟ	ܫܘܩܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܫܘܩܟܝ	ܫܘܩܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܫܘܩܗ	ܫܘܩܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܫܘܩܗ	ܫܘܩܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܫܘܩܢ	ܫܘܩܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܫܘܩܟܘܢ	ܫܘܩܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܫܘܩܟܝܢ	ܫܘܩܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܫܘܩܗܘܢ	ܫܘܩܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܫܘܩܗܝܢ	ܫܘܩܝܗܝܢ

Descendants

• → Amharic: ሱቅ (suḳ)
• → Arabic: سُوق (sūq) (see there for further descendants)
• → Middle Persian: [script needed] (šūkā)
• → Old Armenian: շուկայ (šukay)
  • Armenian: շուկա (šuka)
  • → Georgian: შუკა (šuḳa)

Etymology 2

From Ancient Greek σηκός (sēkós).

Noun

ܫܘܩܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܫܘܩܐ)

1. laura, enclosure

Inflection

    inflection of ܫܘܩܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܘܩ	ܫܘܩܝܢ
construct	ܫܘܩ	ܫܘܩܝ
emphatic	ܫܘܩܐ	ܫܘܩܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܫܘܩܝ	ܫܘܩܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܫܘܩܟ	ܫܘܩܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܫܘܩܟܝ	ܫܘܩܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܫܘܩܗ	ܫܘܩܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܫܘܩܗ	ܫܘܩܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܫܘܩܢ	ܫܘܩܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܫܘܩܟܘܢ	ܫܘܩܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܫܘܩܟܝܢ	ܫܘܩܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܫܘܩܗܘܢ	ܫܘܩܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܫܘܩܗܝܢ	ܫܘܩܝܗܝܢ

References

• “šwq”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 363b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 568a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 1534b