Hindi edit

Etymology edit

Hindi verb set
करना (karnā)
कराना (karānā)
करवाना (karvānā)

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀤𑀺 (karedi), from Sanskrit करोति (karóti), an alternation of Vedic Sanskrit कृणोति (kṛṇóti), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥náwti (to do, make), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷr̥-néw-ti ~ *kʷr̥-nw-énti, from *kʷer- (to do, make). Cognate with Punjabi ਕਰਨਾ (karnā), Nepali गर्नु (garnu), Gujarati કરવું (karvũ), Marathi करणे (karṇe), Bengali করা (kora), Assamese কৰ (kor), and Persian کردن.

Pronunciation edit

  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /kəɾ.nɑː/, [kɐɾ.näː]
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -əɾ.nɑː, -ɑː
  • Hyphenation: कर‧ना

Verb edit

करना (karnā) (Urdu spelling کرنا)

  1. (transitive) to do (to perform or execute, to commit)
    कर देनाkar denāto accomplish, complete
    कर लेनाkar lenāto do (for oneself), to decide and do
    कर सकनाkar saknāto be able to do
    कर पानाkar pānāto have succeeded in doing
    कर दिखानाkar dikhānāto show that it can be done, prove
    फ़र्ज़ करनाfarz karnāto perform one's duty
    तू क्या कर रहा है?
    tū kyā kar rahā hai?
    What are you doing?
    कर्तव्य कर्म करना चाहिए।kartavya karm karnā cāhie.One must do the necessary work.
    हम बनारस को तीर्थयात्रा करेंगे
    ham banāras ko tīrthayātrā kareṅge.
    We will make a pilgrimage to Varanasi.
  2. (transitive) to work, do work
    उसकी बहन क्या करती है?uskī bahan kyā kartī hai?What work does his sister do?
    Synonym: काम करना (kām karnā)
  3. (transitive) to make, create
    गड़बड़ी करनाgaṛabṛī karnāto make a mess
  4. (transitive) to cause to become, to render
    मैं हमेशा आपकी सहायता करूँगा
    ma͠i hameśā āpkī sahāytā karūṅgā.
    I will always render help to you.
    फ्रेंच करनाphrẽc karnāto render (translate) into French
  5. (transitive) to engage, involve, enlist, hire
    टैक्सी करनाṭaiksī karnāto hire a taxi
  6. (transitive) an element of a compound verb: makes most (especially borrowed) adjectives and nouns into verbs
    मैं जंप करते समय गिर पड़ा।
    ma͠i jamp karte samay gir paṛā.
    I fell while jumping.
    साफ़ करनाsāf karnāto clean
    ग़लती करना
    ġaltī karnā
    to make a mistake; do incorrectly
    डांस करनाḍāns karnāto dance
    See Category:Hindi compound verbs with base verb करना for more.
  7. (transitive, auxiliary) to do habitually
    मैं रोज़ परिवार के साथ खाया करता था।
    ma͠i roz parivār ke sāth khāyā kartā thā.
    I used to eat with my family every day.

Usage notes edit

In Hinglish, English verbs are conjugated as compound verbs with करना (karnā). For example, clean is used as such:

अपनी क़मीज़ को पहले क्लीन करो/करें
apnī qamīz ko pahle clean karo/karẽ.
Clean your shirt first.

Conjugation edit

Further reading edit

  • McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “करना”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
  • Bahri, Hardev (1989) “करना”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
  • Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “करना”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
  • करना”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
  • Platts, John T. (1884) “करना”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
  • Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “करना”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House