कृषक

See also: कर्षक

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Classical Sanskrit कृषक (kṛṣaka).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /kɾɪ.ʂək/, [kɾɪ.ʃɐk]

Noun

कृषक • (kŕṣak) m

1. farmer

   Synonyms: किसान (kisān), खेतिहर (khetihar), काश्तकार (kāśtkār), खेतिया (khetiyā)

   • 2020, Dr. G.K. Agarwal, Dr. S.S. Panday, ग्रामीण समाजशास्त्र [Rural Sociology], SBPD Publishing House, →ISBN, page 95:

     सर्वप्रथम, कृषक भूमि से जुड़ा होता है। आन्द्रे बेतेइ का कथन है कि एक कृषक भूमि को ही अपने श्रम का आधार मानता है। कृषक के लिए भूमि का स्वामी होना आवश्यक नहीं है।

     sarvapratham, kŕṣak bhūmi se juṛā hotā hai. āndre betei kā kathan hai ki ek kŕṣak bhūmi ko hī apne śram kā ādhār māntā hai. kŕṣak ke lie bhūmi kā svāmī honā āvaśyak nahī̃ hai.

     Firstly, a farmer is attached to the land. Andre Beteille has said that a farmer considers only land as the basis of his labour. It is not necessary for a farmer to be the owner of the land.

Declension

Declension of कृषक (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	कृषक kŕṣak	कृषक kŕṣak
oblique	कृषक kŕṣak	कृषकों kŕṣakõ
vocative	कृषक kŕṣak	कृषको kŕṣako

Further reading

• Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “कृषक”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 144
• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “कृषक”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons, page 115.
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “कृषक”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 1031

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• কৃষক (Assamese script)
• ᬓᬺᬱᬓ (Balinese script)
• কৃষক (Bengali script)
• 𑰎𑰴𑰬𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀓𑀾𑀱𑀓 (Brahmi script)
• ကၖၑက (Burmese script)
• કૃષક (Gujarati script)
• ਕ੍ਰਸ਼ਕ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌕𑍃𑌷𑌕 (Grantha script)
• ꦏꦽꦰꦏ (Javanese script)
• 𑂍𑃂𑂭𑂍 (Kaithi script)
• ಕೃಷಕ (Kannada script)
• ក្ឫឞក (Khmer script)
• ກ຺ຣິຩກ (Lao script)
• കൃഷക (Malayalam script)
• ᡬᡵᡳᢢᠠᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘎𑘵𑘬𑘎 (Modi script)
• ᢉᠷᠢᢔᠠᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦮𑧖𑧌𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐎𑐺𑐲𑐎 (Newa script)
• କୃଷକ (Odia script)
• ꢒꢺꢰꢒ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆑𑆸𑆰𑆑 (Sharada script)
• 𑖎𑖴𑖬𑖎 (Siddham script)
• කෘෂක (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩜𑩙𑪀𑩜 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚊𑚊 (Takri script)
• க்ரிஷக (Tamil script)
• కృషక (Telugu script)
• กฺฤษก (Thai script)
• ཀྲྀ་ཥ་ཀ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒏𑒵𑒭𑒏 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨋𑨼𑨉𑨯𑨋 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root कृष् (kṛṣ, “to plough”) +‎ -अक (-aka).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈkr̩.ʂɐ.kɐ/

Noun

कृषक • (kṛṣaka) stem, m (Classical Sanskrit)

1. farmer, ploughman

   Synonyms: कृषाण (kṛṣāṇa), क्षेत्रिक (kṣetrika)

   • Kṛṣiparāśara 1.180:

     रोहन्तु सर्वशस्यानि काले देवः प्रवर्षतु ।
     सुस्था भवन्तु कृषका धनधान्यसमृद्धिभिः ॥

     rohantu sarvaśasyāni kāle devaḥ pravarṣatu.
     susthā bhavantu kṛṣakā dhanadhānyasamṛddhibhiḥ.

     May all the crops grow, may the Deva make it rain in time.
     May the farmers be happy with abundance of wealth and crops.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of कृषक (kṛṣaka)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कृषकः kṛṣakaḥ	कृषकौ kṛṣakau	कृषकाः kṛṣakāḥ
Vocative	कृषक kṛṣaka	कृषकौ kṛṣakau	कृषकाः kṛṣakāḥ
Accusative	कृषकम् kṛṣakam	कृषकौ kṛṣakau	कृषकान् kṛṣakān
Instrumental	कृषकेण kṛṣakeṇa	कृषकाभ्याम् kṛṣakābhyām	कृषकैः kṛṣakaiḥ
Dative	कृषकाय kṛṣakāya	कृषकाभ्याम् kṛṣakābhyām	कृषकेभ्यः kṛṣakebhyaḥ
Ablative	कृषकात् kṛṣakāt	कृषकाभ्याम् kṛṣakābhyām	कृषकेभ्यः kṛṣakebhyaḥ
Genitive	कृषकस्य kṛṣakasya	कृषकयोः kṛṣakayoḥ	कृषकाणाम् kṛṣakāṇām
Locative	कृषके kṛṣake	कृषकयोः kṛṣakayoḥ	कृषकेषु kṛṣakeṣu

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “कृषक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 306, column 1.
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “kṛṣaka”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kŕ̊ṣaka”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 178