गन्धर्व
Sanskrit edit
Alternative scripts edit
Alternative scripts
- গন্ধৰ্ব (Assamese script)
- ᬕᬦ᭄ᬥᬃᬯ (Balinese script)
- গন্ধর্ব (Bengali script)
- 𑰐𑰡𑰿𑰠𑰨𑰿𑰪 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀕𑀦𑁆𑀥𑀭𑁆𑀯 (Brahmi script)
- ဂန္ဓရွ (Burmese script)
- ગન્ધર્વ (Gujarati script)
- ਗਨੑਧਰੑਵ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌗𑌨𑍍𑌧𑌰𑍍𑌵 (Grantha script)
- ꦒꦤ꧀ꦣꦂꦮ (Javanese script)
- 𑂏𑂢𑂹𑂡𑂩𑂹𑂫 (Kaithi script)
- ಗನ್ಧರ್ವ (Kannada script)
- គន្ធវ៌ (Khmer script)
- ຄນ຺ຘຣ຺ວ (Lao script)
- ഗന്ധര്വ (Malayalam script)
- ᡤᠠᠨᢡᠠᡵᠣᠸᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘐𑘡𑘿𑘠𑘨𑘿𑘪 (Modi script)
- ᠺᠠᠨᢑᠾᠠᠷᢦ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦰𑧁𑧠𑧀𑧈𑧠𑧊 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐐𑐣𑑂𑐢𑐬𑑂𑐰 (Newa script)
- ଗନ୍ଧର୍ଵ (Odia script)
- ꢔꢥ꣄ꢤꢬ꣄ꢮ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆓𑆤𑇀𑆣𑆫𑇀𑆮 (Sharada script)
- 𑖐𑖡𑖿𑖠𑖨𑖿𑖪 (Siddham script)
- ගන්ධර්ව (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩞𑩯 𑪙𑩮𑩼 𑪙𑩾 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚌𑚝𑚶𑚜𑚤𑚶𑚦 (Takri script)
- க³ந்த⁴ர்வ (Tamil script)
- గన్ధర్వ (Telugu script)
- คนฺธรฺว (Thai script)
- ག་ནྡྷ་རྭ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒑𑒢𑓂𑒡𑒩𑓂𑒫 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨍𑨝𑩇𑨜𑨫𑩇𑨭 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology edit
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gandʰarwás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *g(ʰ)andʰarwás ~ *g(ʰ)andʰarbʰás, ultimately likely from a BMAC substrate. Cognate with Younger Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬧𐬛𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬡𐬀 (gaṇdərəβa), 𐬔𐬀𐬧𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬡𐬀 (gaṇdarəβa). Compare also Ancient Greek Κένταυρος (Kéntauros), to which it is often likened.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
गन्धर्व • (gandharvá) stem, m
- (Hinduism, Buddhism) a gandharva (one of a class of male heavenly beings, famed singers and guardians of soma)
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 9.86.36:
- सप्त स्वसारो अभि मातरः शिशुं नवं जज्ञानं जेन्यं विपश्चितम् ।
अपां गन्धर्वं दिव्यं नृचक्षसं सोमं विश्वस्य भुवनस्य राजसे ॥- sapta svasāro abhi mātaraḥ śiśuṃ navaṃ jajñānaṃ jenyaṃ vipaścitam .
apāṃ gandharvaṃ divyaṃ nṛcakṣasaṃ somaṃ viśvasya bhuvanasya rājase . - The Sisters Seven, the Mothers, stand around the Babe, the noble, new-born Infant, skilled in holy song,
Gandharva of the floods, divine, beholding men, Soma, that he may reign as King of all the world.
- sapta svasāro abhi mātaraḥ śiśuṃ navaṃ jajñānaṃ jenyaṃ vipaścitam .
- सप्त स्वसारो अभि मातरः शिशुं नवं जज्ञानं जेन्यं विपश्चितम् ।
- (figurative) a skilled singer, bard
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 1.11.20:
- नटनर्तकगन्धर्वाः सूत मागध वन्दिनः ।
गायन्ति चोत्तमश्लोक चरितानि अद्भुतानि च ॥- naṭanartakagandharvāḥ sūta māgadha vandinaḥ .
gāyanti cottamaśloka caritāni adbhutāni ca .
- naṭanartakagandharvāḥ sūta māgadha vandinaḥ .
- नटनर्तकगन्धर्वाः सूत मागध वन्दिनः ।
- a sage, religious man
- horse
- Synonym: अश्व (áśva)
- a male given name
Declension edit
| Masculine a-stem declension of गन्धर्व (gandharvá) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | गन्धर्वः gandharváḥ |
गन्धर्वौ / गन्धर्वा¹ gandharvaú / gandharvā́¹ |
गन्धर्वाः / गन्धर्वासः¹ gandharvā́ḥ / gandharvā́saḥ¹ |
| Vocative | गन्धर्व gándharva |
गन्धर्वौ / गन्धर्वा¹ gándharvau / gándharvā¹ |
गन्धर्वाः / गन्धर्वासः¹ gándharvāḥ / gándharvāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | गन्धर्वम् gandharvám |
गन्धर्वौ / गन्धर्वा¹ gandharvaú / gandharvā́¹ |
गन्धर्वान् gandharvā́n |
| Instrumental | गन्धर्वेण gandharvéṇa |
गन्धर्वाभ्याम् gandharvā́bhyām |
गन्धर्वैः / गन्धर्वेभिः¹ gandharvaíḥ / gandharvébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | गन्धर्वाय gandharvā́ya |
गन्धर्वाभ्याम् gandharvā́bhyām |
गन्धर्वेभ्यः gandharvébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | गन्धर्वात् gandharvā́t |
गन्धर्वाभ्याम् gandharvā́bhyām |
गन्धर्वेभ्यः gandharvébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | गन्धर्वस्य gandharvásya |
गन्धर्वयोः gandharváyoḥ |
गन्धर्वाणाम् gandharvā́ṇām |
| Locative | गन्धर्वे gandharvé |
गन्धर्वयोः gandharváyoḥ |
गन्धर्वेषु gandharvéṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants edit
- → Old Javanese: gandharwa
References edit
- Monier Williams (1899) “गन्धर्व”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 346.