མ
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Translingual edit
Letter edit
མ
- Tibetan letter ma
Balti edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
མ (ma)
Dzongkha edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
མ (ma)
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
མ (ma)
- Alternative form of མི (mi, “not, non-”)
Ladakhi edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
མ (ma)
Sherpa edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
མ (ma)
Sikkimese edit
Pronunciation edit
Letter edit
མ (ma)
Tibetan edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
- Old Tibetan: /*ma/
- Lhasa: /ma˥˥/
- Old Tibetan:
- Ü-Tsang
- Tibetan pinyin: maf
- (Lhasa) IPA(key): /ma˥˥/
Letter edit
མ • (ma)
Etymology 2 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation edit
- Old Tibetan: /*ma/
- Lhasa: /ma˩˨/
- Old Tibetan:
- Ü-Tsang
- Tibetan pinyin: mav
- (Lhasa) IPA(key): /ma˩˨/
Noun edit
མ • (ma)
Etymology 3 edit
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ma (“no, not”).
Pronunciation edit
- Old Tibetan: /*ma/
- Lhasa: /ma˩˨/, /ma˥˥/, /m̥a˥˥/
- Old Tibetan:
- Ü-Tsang
- Tibetan pinyin: mav, maf, mhaf
- (Lhasa) IPA(key): /ma˩˨/, /ma˥˥/, /m̥a˥˥/
(Note: mav - before low-tone syllables; maf - before high-tone syllables; mhaf - before high-tone aspirated syllables)
Adverb edit
མ • (ma)
- negates the following verb in the past tense.
- བལྟས་ཀྱང་མ་མཐོང ― bltas kyang ma mthong ― He looked but did not see it
- negates the following verb in the imperative tense; prohibitive particle.
- placed between nouns to indicate “neither ... nor ...”.
- ར་མ་ལུག ― ra ma lug ― neither a goat nor a sheep
Etymology 4 edit
Suffix edit
མ • (ma)
- ownership suffix used to indicate the feminine form of a noun.
- ཟློས་གར་མ ― zlos gar ma ― female singer/dancer
Particle edit
མ • (ma)
- particle affixed to nouns to add a level of specificity or gravity to the noun.