ἄρκτος

See also Ἄρκτος, άρκτος, and Άρκτος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἄρκος

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos (“bear”). Cognates include Latin ursus, Sanskrit ऋक्ष (ṛ́kṣa) and Old Armenian արջ (arǰ). Meaning #2 derives from Ἄρκτος, which derives from meaning #1.

Pronunciation

• (5th BC Attic): IPA: /árktos/

• (1st BC Egyptian): IPA: /árktos/

• (4th AD Koine): IPA: /árktos/

• (10th AD Byzantine): IPA: /árxtos/

• (15th AD Constantinopolitan): IPA: /áɾxtos/

Noun

ἄρκτος (genitive ἄρκτου) f, second declension; (arktos)

1. bear
2. the north

Inflection

Second declension of ἄρκτος, ἄρκτου

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ἄρκτος	τὼ ἄρκτω	αἱ ἄρκτοι
Genitive	τῆς ἄρκτου	τοῖν ἄρκτοιν	τῶν ἄρκτων
Dative	τῇ ἄρκτῳ	τοῖν ἄρκτοιν	ταῖς ἄρκτοις
Accusative	τὴν ἄρκτον	τὼ ἄρκτω	τὰς ἄρκτους
Vocative	ἄρκτε	ἄρκτω	ἄρκτοι

Derived terms

• Ἄρκτος (Arktos, “Ursa Major”)
• ἀρκτικός (arktikos, “Arctic”)

Descendants

• English: arctic, Arctic, Arcturus
• Greek: άρκτος
• Latin: arcticus, Arctūrus
• Translingual: Ursus arctos, Ursus arctos horribilis

References

• LSJ