ἄρκτος
Ancient Greek edit
Alternative forms edit
- ἄρκος (árkos)
Etymology edit
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos (“bear”). Cognates include Latin ursus, Sanskrit ऋक्ष (ṛ́kṣa), Old Armenian արջ (arǰ), and Albanian ari. The meaning of “north” derives from Ἄρκτος (Árktos, “Ursa Major”), because the constellation is in the northern part of the sky.
Pronunciation edit
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /árk.tos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈark.tos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈark.tos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈark.tos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈark.tos/
Noun edit
ᾰ̓́ρκτος • (árktos) f (genitive ᾰ̓́ρκτου); second declension
Inflection edit
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ ᾰ̓́ρκτος hē árktos |
τὼ ᾰ̓́ρκτω tṑ árktō |
αἱ ᾰ̓́ρκτοι hai árktoi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς ᾰ̓́ρκτου tês árktou |
τοῖν ᾰ̓́ρκτοιν toîn árktoin |
τῶν ᾰ̓́ρκτων tôn árktōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ ᾰ̓́ρκτῳ têi árktōi |
τοῖν ᾰ̓́ρκτοιν toîn árktoin |
ταῖς ᾰ̓́ρκτοις taîs árktois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν ᾰ̓́ρκτον tḕn árkton |
τὼ ᾰ̓́ρκτω tṑ árktō |
τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓́ρκτους tā̀s árktous | ||||||||||
Vocative | ᾰ̓́ρκτε árkte |
ᾰ̓́ρκτω árktō |
ᾰ̓́ρκτοι árktoi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- → English: Arcturus
- Greek: άρκτος (árktos), αρκούδα (arkoúda)
- → Latin: arctus, Arctos, Arctus, Arctūrus
- Pontic Greek: άρκος (árkos)
- Translingual: Ursus arctos, Ursus arctos horribilis
References edit
- “ἄρκτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἄρκτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἄρκτος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἄρκτος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἄρκτος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- ἄρκτος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- ἄρκτος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.