ἐκδύω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἐκδύνω (ekdúnō)

Etymology

From ἐκ- (ek-, “out”) +‎ δῠ́ω (dúō, “to get in”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /eɡ.dý.ɔː/ → /eɡˈðy.o/ → /eɡˈði.o/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /eɡ.dý.ɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /eɡˈdy.o/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /eɡˈðy.o/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /eɡˈðy.o/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /eɡˈði.o/

Verb

ἐκδῠ́ω • (ekdúō)

1. to take off, remove, strip
   • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1269
   • 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, First Tetralogy 2.5
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Timocrates 204
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Conon 8
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.341
   • 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Theomnestus 1 10
   • 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 15.27.9
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 1.3.17
   • Palatine Anthology 5.72
2. (middle voice, active or passive in middle sense) to strip oneself (of a thing), take off oneself
   • 425 BCE, Aristophanes, Lysistrata 686
   • 421 BCE, Aristophanes, Peace 336
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 549b25
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 600b15
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Conon 35
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.8
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.106
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.114
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.437
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.460
   • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Pompey 28
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 2.4.19
3. (aorist ἐξέδῡν, perfect ἐκδέδῡκᾰ)
   1. (with genitive) to get out of, to emerge from
      • 423 BCE, Euripides, The Suppliants 416
      • 413 BCE, Euripides, Iphigenia in Tauris 602
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 22.334
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 109d
   2. (with accusative) to escape; to shun
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Leptines 1
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.99
      • 204 CE – 270 CE, Plotinus, Collected Works 6.6.8
      • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Pompey 30
      • 6th century BC, Theognis of Megara, Elegies 358

Inflection

   Present: ἐκδῠ́ω, ἐκδῠ́ομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐκδῠ́ω	ἐκδῠ́εις	ἐκδῠ́ει	ἐκδῠ́ετον	ἐκδῠ́ετον	ἐκδῠ́ομεν	ἐκδῠ́ετε	ἐκδῠ́ουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἐκδῠ́ω	ἐκδῠ́ῃς	ἐκδῠ́ῃ	ἐκδῠ́ητον	ἐκδῠ́ητον	ἐκδῠ́ωμεν	ἐκδῠ́ητε	ἐκδῠ́ωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐκδῠ́οιμῐ	ἐκδῠ́οις	ἐκδῠ́οι	ἐκδῠ́οιτον	ἐκδῠοίτην	ἐκδῠ́οιμεν	ἐκδῠ́οιτε	ἐκδῠ́οιεν
	imperative		ἔκδῠε	ἐκδῠέτω	ἐκδῠ́ετον	ἐκδῠέτων		ἐκδῠ́ετε	ἐκδῠόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐκδῠ́ομαι	ἐκδῠ́ῃ, ἐκδῠ́ει	ἐκδῠ́εται	ἐκδῠ́εσθον	ἐκδῠ́εσθον	ἐκδῠόμεθᾰ	ἐκδῠ́εσθε	ἐκδῠ́ονται
	subjunctive	ἐκδῠ́ωμαι	ἐκδῠ́ῃ	ἐκδῠ́ηται	ἐκδῠ́ησθον	ἐκδῠ́ησθον	ἐκδῠώμεθᾰ	ἐκδῠ́ησθε	ἐκδῠ́ωνται
	optative	ἐκδῠοίμην	ἐκδῠ́οιο	ἐκδῠ́οιτο	ἐκδῠ́οισθον	ἐκδῠοίσθην	ἐκδῠοίμεθᾰ	ἐκδῠ́οισθε	ἐκδῠ́οιντο
	imperative		ἐκδῠ́ου	ἐκδῠέσθω	ἐκδῠ́εσθον	ἐκδῠέσθων		ἐκδῠ́εσθε	ἐκδῠέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἐκδῠ́ειν				ἐκδῠ́εσθαι
participle	m	ἐκδῠ́ων				ἐκδῠόμενος
	f	ἐκδῠ́ουσᾰ				ἐκδῠομένη
	n	ἐκδῠ́ον				ἐκδῠόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ἐξέδῠον, ἐξεδῠόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐξέδῠον	ἐξέδῠες	ἐξέδῠε(ν)	ἐξεδῠ́ετον	ἐξεδῠέτην	ἐξεδῠ́ομεν	ἐξεδῠ́ετε	ἐξέδῠον
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐξεδῠόμην	ἐξεδῠ́ου	ἐξεδῠ́ετο	ἐξεδῠ́εσθον	ἐξεδῠέσθην	ἐξεδῠόμεθᾰ	ἐξεδῠ́εσθε	ἐξεδῠ́οντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: ἐκδῠ́σω, ἐκδῠ́σομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐκδῠ́σω	ἐκδῠ́σεις	ἐκδῠ́σει	ἐκδῠ́σετον	ἐκδῠ́σετον	ἐκδῠ́σομεν	ἐκδῠ́σετε	ἐκδῠ́σουσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐκδῠ́σοιμῐ	ἐκδῠ́σοις	ἐκδῠ́σοι	ἐκδῠ́σοιτον	ἐκδῠσοίτην	ἐκδῠ́σοιμεν	ἐκδῠ́σοιτε	ἐκδῠ́σοιεν
middle	indicative	ἐκδῠ́σομαι	ἐκδῠ́σῃ, ἐκδῠ́σει	ἐκδῠ́σεται	ἐκδῠ́σεσθον	ἐκδῠ́σεσθον	ἐκδῠσόμεθᾰ	ἐκδῠ́σεσθε	ἐκδῠ́σονται
	optative	ἐκδῠσοίμην	ἐκδῠ́σοιο	ἐκδῠ́σοιτο	ἐκδῠ́σοισθον	ἐκδῠσοίσθην	ἐκδῠσοίμεθᾰ	ἐκδῠ́σοισθε	ἐκδῠ́σοιντο
		active			middle
infinitive		ἐκδῠ́σειν			ἐκδῠ́σεσθαι
participle	m	ἐκδῠ́σων			ἐκδῠσόμενος
	f	ἐκδῠ́σουσᾰ			ἐκδῠσομένη
	n	ἐκδῠ́σον			ἐκδῠσόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἐξέδῡσᾰ, ἐξεδῡσᾰ́μην, ἐξεδῠ́θην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐξέδῡσᾰ	ἐξέδῡσᾰς	ἐξέδῡσε(ν)	ἐξεδῡ́σᾰτον	ἐξεδῡσᾰ́την	ἐξεδῡ́σᾰμεν	ἐξεδῡ́σᾰτε	ἐξέδῡσᾰν
	subjunctive	ἐκδῡ́σω	ἐκδῡ́σῃς	ἐκδῡ́σῃ	ἐκδῡ́σητον	ἐκδῡ́σητον	ἐκδῡ́σωμεν	ἐκδῡ́σητε	ἐκδῡ́σωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐκδῡ́σαιμῐ	ἐκδῡ́σειᾰς, ἐκδῡ́σαις	ἐκδῡ́σειε(ν), ἐκδῡ́σαι	ἐκδῡ́σαιτον	ἐκδῡσαίτην	ἐκδῡ́σαιμεν	ἐκδῡ́σαιτε	ἐκδῡ́σειᾰν, ἐκδῡ́σαιεν
	imperative		ἔκδῡσον	ἐκδῡσᾰ́τω	ἐκδῡ́σᾰτον	ἐκδῡσᾰ́των		ἐκδῡ́σᾰτε	ἐκδῡσᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	ἐξεδῡσᾰ́μην	ἐξεδῡ́σω	ἐξεδῡ́σᾰτο	ἐξεδῡ́σᾰσθον	ἐξεδῡσᾰ́σθην	ἐξεδῡσᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἐξεδῡ́σᾰσθε	ἐξεδῡ́σᾰντο
	subjunctive	ἐκδῡ́σωμαι	ἐκδῡ́σῃ	ἐκδῡ́σηται	ἐκδῡ́σησθον	ἐκδῡ́σησθον	ἐκδῡσώμεθᾰ	ἐκδῡ́σησθε	ἐκδῡ́σωνται
	optative	ἐκδῡσαίμην	ἐκδῡ́σαιο	ἐκδῡ́σαιτο	ἐκδῡ́σαισθον	ἐκδῡσαίσθην	ἐκδῡσαίμεθᾰ	ἐκδῡ́σαισθε	ἐκδῡ́σαιντο
	imperative		ἔκδῡσαι	ἐκδῡσᾰ́σθω	ἐκδῡ́σᾰσθον	ἐκδῡσᾰ́σθων		ἐκδῡ́σᾰσθε	ἐκδῡσᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	ἐξεδῠ́θην	ἐξεδῠ́θης	ἐξεδῠ́θη	ἐξεδῠ́θητον	ἐξεδῠθήτην	ἐξεδῠ́θημεν	ἐξεδῠ́θητε	ἐξεδῠ́θησᾰν
	subjunctive	ἐκδῠθῶ	ἐκδῠθῇς	ἐκδῠθῇ	ἐκδῠθῆτον	ἐκδῠθῆτον	ἐκδῠθῶμεν	ἐκδῠθῆτε	ἐκδῠθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐκδῠθείην	ἐκδῠθείης	ἐκδῠθείη	ἐκδῠθεῖτον, ἐκδῠθείητον	ἐκδῠθείτην, ἐκδῠθειήτην	ἐκδῠθεῖμεν, ἐκδῠθείημεν	ἐκδῠθεῖτε, ἐκδῠθείητε	ἐκδῠθεῖεν, ἐκδῠθείησᾰν
	imperative		ἐκδῠ́θητῐ	ἐκδῠθήτω	ἐκδῠ́θητον	ἐκδῠθήτων		ἐκδῠ́θητε	ἐκδῠθέντων
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		ἐκδῦσαι			ἐκδῡ́σᾰσθαι		ἐκδῠθῆναι
participle	m	ἐκδῡ́σᾱς			ἐκδῡσᾰ́μενος		ἐκδῠθείς
	f	ἐκδῡ́σᾱσᾰ			ἐκδῡσᾰμένη		ἐκδῠθεῖσᾰ
	n	ἐκδῦσᾰν			ἐκδῡσᾰ́μενον		ἐκδῠθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἐξέδῡν

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐξέδῡν	ἐξέδῡς	ἐξέδῡ	ἐξέδῡτον	ἐξεδῡ́την	ἐξέδῡμεν	ἐξέδῡτε	ἐξέδῡσᾰν
	subjunctive	ἐκδῠ́ω	ἐκδῠ́ῃς	ἐκδῠ́ῃ	ἐκδῠ́ητον	ἐκδῠ́ητον	ἐκδῠ́ωμεν	ἐκδῠ́ωτε	ἐκδῠ́ωσῐ(ν)
	optative
	imperative		ἔκδῡθῐ	ἐκδῡ́τω	ἔκδῡτον	ἐκδῡ́των		ἔκδῡτε	ἐκδῡ́ντων
middle	indicative
	subjunctive
	optative
	imperative
		active			middle
infinitive		ἐκδῦναι
participle	m	ἐκδῡ́ς
	f	ἐκδῦσᾰ
	n	ἐκδῠ́ν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Perfect: ἐκδέδῠκᾰ, ἐκδέδῠμαι (late)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐκδέδῠκᾰ	ἐκδέδῠκᾰς	ἐκδέδῠκε(ν)	ἐκδεδῠ́κᾰτον	ἐκδεδῠ́κᾰτον	ἐκδεδῠ́κᾰμεν	ἐκδεδῠ́κᾰτε	ἐκδεδῠ́κᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἐκδεδῠ́κω	ἐκδεδῠ́κῃς	ἐκδεδῠ́κῃ	ἐκδεδῠ́κητον	ἐκδεδῠ́κητον	ἐκδεδῠ́κωμεν	ἐκδεδῠ́κητε	ἐκδεδῠ́κωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐκδεδῠ́κοιμῐ, ἐκδεδῠκοίην	ἐκδεδῠ́κοις, ἐκδεδῠκοίης	ἐκδεδῠ́κοι, ἐκδεδῠκοίη	ἐκδεδῠ́κοιτον	ἐκδεδῠκοίτην	ἐκδεδῠ́κοιμεν	ἐκδεδῠ́κοιτε	ἐκδεδῠ́κοιεν
	imperative		ἐκδέδῠκε	ἐκδεδῠκέτω	ἐκδεδῠ́κετον	ἐκδεδῠκέτων		ἐκδεδῠ́κετε	ἐκδεδῠκόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐκδέδῠμαι	ἐκδέδῠσαι	ἐκδέδῠται	ἐκδέδῠσθον	ἐκδέδῠσθον	ἐκδεδῠ́μεθᾰ	ἐκδέδῠσθε	ἐκδέδῠνται
	subjunctive	ἐκδεδῠμένος ὦ	ἐκδεδῠμένος ᾖς	ἐκδεδῠμένος ᾖ	ἐκδεδῠμένω ἦτον	ἐκδεδῠμένω ἦτον	ἐκδεδῠμένοι ὦμεν	ἐκδεδῠμένοι ἦτε	ἐκδεδῠμένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐκδεδῠμένος εἴην	ἐκδεδῠμένος εἴης	ἐκδεδῠμένος εἴη	ἐκδεδῠμένω εἴητον/εἶτον	ἐκδεδῠμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην	ἐκδεδῠμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν	ἐκδεδῠμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε	ἐκδεδῠμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
	imperative		ἐκδέδῠσο	ἐκδεδῠ́σθω	ἐκδέδῠσθον	ἐκδεδῠ́σθων		ἐκδέδῠσθε	ἐκδεδῠ́σθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἐκδεδῠκέναι				ἐκδεδῠ́σθαι
participle	m	ἐκδεδῠκώς				ἐκδεδῠμένος
	f	ἐκδεδῠκυῖᾰ				ἐκδεδῠμένη
	n	ἐκδεδῠκός				ἐκδεδῠμένον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Perfect: ἐκδέδῡκᾰ

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐκδέδῡκᾰ	ἐκδέδῡκᾰς	ἐκδέδῡκε(ν)	ἐκδεδῡ́κᾰτον	ἐκδεδῡ́κᾰτον	ἐκδεδῡ́κᾰμεν	ἐκδεδῡ́κᾰτε	ἐκδεδῡ́κᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἐκδεδῡ́κω	ἐκδεδῡ́κῃς	ἐκδεδῡ́κῃ	ἐκδεδῡ́κητον	ἐκδεδῡ́κητον	ἐκδεδῡ́κωμεν	ἐκδεδῡ́κητε	ἐκδεδῡ́κωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐκδεδῡ́κοιμῐ, ἐκδεδῡκοίην	ἐκδεδῡ́κοις, ἐκδεδῡκοίης	ἐκδεδῡ́κοι, ἐκδεδῡκοίη	ἐκδεδῡ́κοιτον	ἐκδεδῡκοίτην	ἐκδεδῡ́κοιμεν	ἐκδεδῡ́κοιτε	ἐκδεδῡ́κοιεν
	imperative		ἐκδέδῡκε	ἐκδεδῡκέτω	ἐκδεδῡ́κετον	ἐκδεδῡκέτων		ἐκδεδῡ́κετε	ἐκδεδῡκόντων
		active
infinitive		ἐκδεδῡκέναι
participle	m	ἐκδεδῡκώς
	f	ἐκδεδῡκυῖᾰ
	n	ἐκδεδῡκός
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Antonyms

• ἐνδύω (endúō, “I put on”)

Derived terms

• ἀπεκδύομαι (apekdúomai)
• διεκδύομαι (diekdúomai)
• μετεκδύομαι (metekdúomai)
• παρεκδύομαι (parekdúomai)
• συνεκδύομαι (sunekdúomai)
• ὑπεκδύομαι (hupekdúomai)

Related terms

• ἀνέκδυτος (anékdutos)
• δυσέκδυτος (dusékdutos)
• ἐκδύσια (ekdúsia)
• ἔκδυσις (ékdusis)
• ἐκδυτήριον (ekdutḗrion)
• ἐκδύτης (ekdútēs)

Descendants

• Greek: γδύνω (gdýno)

Further reading

• “ἐκδύω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἐκδύω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἐκδύω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• ἐκδύω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἐκδύω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• G1562 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible