ἰαύω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew-, *h₂u-es-. Cognates include Old Armenian ագանիմ (aganim), Hittite  (ḫu̯iš, “to live”), and Sanskrit वसति (vasati). Related to αὐλή (aulē).

Pronunciation

• (5th BC Attic): IPA: /i.a͜ʊ́.ɔ͜ɔ/

• (1st BC Egyptian): IPA: /iáwoː/

• (4th AD Koine): IPA: /iáβo/

• (10th AD Byzantine): IPA: /iávo/

• (15th AD Constantinopolitan): IPA: /iávo/

Verb

ἰαύω (iauō)

1. (poetic) to sleep, pass the night
   • 7th, 8th century BC, Homer, Iliad, 14.213
   • 7th, 8th century BC, Homer, Odyssey, 11.261
   • 7th, 8th century BC, Homer, Odyssey, 22.464
   • 7th, 8th century BC, Homer, Odyssey, 34
   • 7th, 8th century BC, Homer, Iliad, 18.259
   • 7th, 8th century BC, Homer, Iliad, 9.325
   • 7th, 8th century BC, Homer, Odyssey, 19.340
   • 7th, 8th century BC, Homer, Odyssey, 14.16
   • 7th, 8th century BC, Homer, Odyssey, 9.184
   • 5th century BC, Sophocles, Ajax, 1204
   • 5th century BC, Euripides, Rhesus,
   1. (with genitive) to stop, make to cease
      • Lycophron, 101
      • 408 BC, Euripides, The Phoenician Women, 1537, (πόδα belongs to ἀλαίνων, not ἰαύων)

Inflection

Mostly used in present and imperfect.

    Present: ἰαύω, ἰαύομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
present		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἰαύω	ἰαύεις	ἰαύει	ἰαύετον	ἰαύετον	ἰαύομεν	ἰαύετε	ἰαύουσι(ν)
	subjunctive	ἰαύω	ἰαύῃς	ἰαύῃ	ἰαύητον	ἰαύητον	ἰαύωμεν	ἰαύητε	ἰαύωσι(ν)
	optative	ἰαύοιμι	ἰαύοις	ἰαύοι	ἰαύοιτον	ἰαυοίτην	ἰαύοιμεν	ἰαύοιτε	ἰαύοιεν
	imperative		ἰαῦε	ἰαυέτω	ἰαύετον	ἰαυέτων		ἰαύετε	ἰαυόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἰαύομαι	ἰαύει/ ἰαύῃ	ἰαύεται	ἰαύεσθον	ἰαύεσθον	ἰαυόμεθα	ἰαύεσθε	ἰαύονται
	subjunctive	ἰαύωμαι	ἰαύῃ	ἰαύηται	ἰαύησθον	ἰαύησθον	ἰαυώμεθα	ἰαύησθε	ἰαύωνται
	optative	ἰαυοίμην	ἰαύοιο	ἰαύοιτο	ἰαύοισθον	ἰαυοίσθην	ἰαυοίμεθα	ἰαύοισθε	ἰαύοιντο
	imperative		ἰαύου	ἰαυέσθω	ἰαύεσθον	ἰαυέσθων		ἰαύεσθε	ἰαυέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἰαύειν				ἰαύεσθαι
participle		ἰαύων , ἰαύουσα , ἰαῦον				ἰαυόμενος , ἰαυομένη , ἰαυόμενον

    Imperfect: ἴαυον, ἰαυόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
imperfect		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἴαυον	ἴαυες	ἴαυε	ἰαύετον	ἰαυέτην	ἰαύομεν	ἰαύετε	ἴαυον
middle/ passive		ἰαυόμην	ἰαύου	ἰαύετο	ἰαύεσθον	ἰαυέσθην	ἰαυόμεθα	ἰαύεσθε	ἰαύοντο

    Future: ἰαύσω

number		singular			dual		plural
future		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἰαύσω	ἰαύσεις	ἰαύσει	ἰαύσετον	ἰαύσετον	ἰαύσομεν	ἰαύσετε	ἰαύσουσι(ν)
	optative	ἰαύσοιμι	ἰαύσοις	ἰαύσοι	ἰαύσοιτον	ἰαυσοίτην	ἰαύσοιμεν	ἰαύσοιτε	ἰαύσοιεν
middle	indicative	ἰαύσομαι	ἰαύσει/ ἰαύσῃ	ἰαύσεται	ἰαύσεσθον	ἰαύσεσθον	ἰαυσόμεθα	ἰαύσεσθε	ἰαύσονται
	optative	ἰαυσοίμην	ἰαύσοιο	ἰαύσοιτο	ἰαύσοισθον	ἰαυσοίσθην	ἰαυσοίμεθα	ἰαύσοισθε	ἰαύσοιντο
		active				middle
infinitive		ἰαύσειν				ἰαύσεσθαι
participle		ἰαύσων , ἰαύσουσα , ἰαῦσον				ἰαυσόμενος , ἰαυσομένη , ἰαυσόμενον

    Aorist: ἴαυσα, ἰαυσάμην

number		singular			dual		plural
aorist		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἴαυσα	ἴαυσας	ἴαυσε	ἰαύσατον	ἰαυσάτην	ἰαύσαμεν	ἰαύσατε	ἴαυσαν
	subjunctive	ἰαύσω	ἰαύσῃς	ἰαύσῃ	ἰαύσητον	ἰαύσητον	ἰαύσωμεν	ἰαύσητε	ἰαύσωσι(ν)
	optative	ἰαύσαιμι	ἰαύσαις/ ἰαύσειας	ἰαύσαι/ ἰαύσειε	ἰαύσαιτον	ἰαυσαίτην	ἰαύσαιμεν	ἰαύσαιτε	ἰαύσαιεν/ ἰαύσειαν
	imperative		ἴαυσον	ἰαυσάτω	ἰαύσατον	ἰαυσάτων		ἰαύσατε	ἰαυσάντων
middle	indicative	ἰαυσάμην	ἰαύσω	ἰαύσατο	ἰαύσασθον	ἰαυσάσθην	ἰαυσάμεθα	ἰαύσασθε	ἰαύσαντο
	subjunctive	ἰαύσωμαι	ἰαύσῃ	ἰαύσηται	ἰαύσησθον	ἰαύσησθον	ἰαυσώμεθα	ἰαύσησθε	ἰαύσωνται
	optative	ἰαυσαίμην	ἰαύσαιο	ἰαύσαιτο	ἰαύσαισθον	ἰαυσαίσθην	ἰαυσαίμεθα	ἰαύσαισθε	ἰαύσαιντο
	imperative		ἴαυσαι	ἰαυσάσθω	ἰαύσασθον	ἰαυσάσθων		ἰαύσασθε	ἰαυσάσθων
		active				middle
infinitive		ἴαυσαι				ἰαύσασθαι
participle	m	ἰαύσας				ἰαυσάμενος
	f	ἰαύσασα				ἰαυσαμένη
	n	ἴαυσαν				ἰαυσάμενον

Synonyms

• (stop): παύω

References

• LSJ 8th edition
• Robert S. P. Beekes (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Brill Academic Publishers)