使用

Chinese edit

		to make; to cause; to enable to make; to cause; to enable; to use; to employ; messenger	to use
simp. and trad. (使用)		使	用

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): shǐyòng

(Zhuyin): ㄕˇ ㄩㄥˋ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): сыйүн (sɨyün, II-III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): si² jung⁶, sai² jung⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): si² yuung⁵, soi² yuung⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ́-yung
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sú-iōng / sír-iōng / sái-iōng / sái-ēng

(Teochew, Peng'im): sai² êng⁷
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵sy-yon

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shǐyòng → shǐyong (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˇ ㄩㄥˋ → ㄕˇ ˙ㄩㄥ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shǐhyo̊ng
  - Wade–Giles: shih³-yung⁵
  - Yale: shř-yung
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyy.yonq
  - Palladius: шиюн (šijun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ jʊŋ⁵¹/ → /ʂʐ̩²¹⁴ jʊŋ⁴/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: сыйүн (sɨyün, II-III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁵¹ yŋ⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: si² jung⁶, sai² jung⁶
  - Yale: sí yuhng, sái yuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: si² jung⁶, sai² jung⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: xi² yung⁶, sei² yung⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː³⁵ jʊŋ²²/, /sɐi̯³⁵ jʊŋ²²/

Note:

si2 jung6 - literary, verb only;
sai2 jung6 - vernacular, noun or verb.

(Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: si² yuung⁵, soi² yuung⁵
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /si⁵⁵ jɵŋ³²/, /sᵘɔi⁵⁵ jɵŋ³²/

Note:

si2 yuung5 - verb;
soi2 yuung5 - noun.

Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ́-yung
  - Hakka Romanization System: sii` iung
  - Hagfa Pinyim: si³ yung⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨ³¹ i̯uŋ⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ́-yung
  - Hakka Romanization System: sii` (r)iung
  - Hagfa Pinyim: si³ yung⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨ³¹ (j)i̯uŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sú-iōng
  - Tâi-lô: sú-iōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: swiong
  - IPA (Taipei): /su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ iɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Singapore): /su⁴²⁻²⁴ iɔŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sír-iōng
  - Tâi-lô: sír-iōng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ iɔŋ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sái-iōng
  - Tâi-lô: sái-iōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sayiong
  - IPA (Taipei): /sai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Singapore): /sai⁴²⁻²⁴ iɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ iɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sái-ēng
  - Tâi-lô: sái-īng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sayeng
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ iɪŋ³³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /sai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɪŋ³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: sai² êng⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sái ēng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sai⁵²⁻³⁵ eŋ¹¹/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁵sy-yon
  - MiniDict: sy^去 yon
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²sr-hhion
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sz̩³³ ɦioŋ⁴⁴/

Verb edit

使用

to use; to utilize; to employ; to apply
容易使用 ― róngyì shǐyòng ― to be easy to use

大量使用 ― dàliàng shǐyòng ― heavy use

禁止使用閃光燈。 [MSC, trad.]
禁止使用闪光灯。 [MSC, simp.]
Jìnzhǐ shǐyòng shǎnguāngdēng. [Pinyin]
No flash.

此票不能使用。 ― Cǐ piào bùnéng shǐyòng. ― Ticket invalid.

請勿使用手機。／请勿使用手机。 ― Qǐng wù shǐyòng shǒujī. ― Please keep your mobile phone switched off.

遇有火災請勿使用電梯。 [MSC, trad.]
遇有火灾请勿使用电梯。 [MSC, simp.]
Yù yǒu huǒzāi qǐng wù shǐyòng diàntī. [Pinyin]
Do not use elevator in case of fire.

Synonyms edit

使出 (shǐchū)
利用 (lìyòng)
動用／动用 (dòngyòng)
取用 (qǔyòng)
吸納／吸纳 (xīnà)
善用 (shànyòng) (to put to good use)
套用 (tàoyòng) (to apply mechanically)
實用／实用 (shíyòng)
應用／应用 (yìngyòng)
採用／采用 (cǎiyòng)
採納／采纳 (cǎinà)
搬 (bān) (to apply mechanically)
搬動／搬动 (bāndòng)
施用 (shīyòng)
沿用 (yányòng) (to continue to use)
用 (yòng)
硬套 (yìngtào) (to apply mechanically)
起動／起动 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
運用／运用 (yùnyòng)
錄用／录用 (lùyòng)
須／须 (xū) (literary)

Derived terms edit

使用價值／使用价值 (shǐyòng jiàzhí)
使用權／使用权 (shǐyòngquán)
使用者 (shǐyòngzhě)
使用量 (shǐyòngliàng)
合理使用 (hélǐ shǐyòng)
酒精使用障礙／酒精使用障碍 (jiǔjīng shǐyòng zhàng'ài)
開使用／开使用

Noun edit

使用

expense; expenditure
今次旅行使用咁大，以後都係要慳啲使喇。 [Cantonese, trad.]
今次旅行使用咁大，以后都系要悭啲使喇。 [Cantonese, simp.]
gam¹ ci³ leoi⁵ hang⁴ si² jung⁶ gam³ daai⁶, ji⁵ hau⁶ dou¹ hai⁶ jiu³ haan¹ di¹ sai² laa³. [Jyutping]
The expenditure for the trip this time was so big. From now on, we have to spend less.

Synonyms edit

成本 (chéngběn) (cost involved in the production of something)
所費／所费 (Hokkien)
支出 (zhīchū)
用度 (yòngdù)
用費／用费 (yòngfèi)
耗用 (hàoyòng)
耗費／耗费 (hàofèi)
花費／花费 (huāfei)
花銷／花销 (huāxiao)
費用／费用 (fèiyòng)
資費／资费 (zīfèi)
開支／开支 (kāizhī)
開銷／开销 (kāixiāo)

Descendants edit

Sino-Xenic (使用):

→ Japanese: 使(し)用(よう) (shiyō)
→ Korean: 사용(使用) (sayong)
→ Vietnamese: sử dụng (使用)

References edit

“Entry #50006”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese edit

Kanji in this term
使	用
し Grade: 3	よう Grade: 2
on’yomi	kan’on

Pronunciation edit

(Tokyo) しよー [shìyóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɕijo̞ː]

Noun edit

使(し)用(よう) • (shiyō)

use, usage

Synonyms edit

利用(りよう) (riyō), 活用(かつよう) (katsuyō)

Verb edit

使(し)用(よう)する • (shiyō suru) suru (stem 使(し)用(よう)し (shiyō shi), past 使(し)用(よう)した (shiyō shita))

use, utilize

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of "使用する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	使用し	しようし	shiyō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	使用し	しようし	shiyō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	使用する	しようする	shiyō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	使用する	しようする	shiyō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	使用すれ	しようすれ	shiyō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	使用せよ¹ 使用しろ²	しようせよ¹ しようしろ²	shiyō seyo¹ shiyō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	使用される	しようされる	shiyō sareru
Causative	使用させる使用さす	しようさせるしようさす	shiyō saseru shiyō sasu
Potential	使用できる	しようできる	shiyō dekiru
Volitional	使用しよう	しようしよう	shiyō shiyō
Negative	使用しない	しようしない	shiyō shinai
Negative continuative	使用せず	しようせず	shiyō sezu
Formal	使用します	しようします	shiyō shimasu
Perfective	使用した	しようした	shiyō shita
Conjunctive	使用して	しようして	shiyō shite
Hypothetical conditional	使用すれば	しようすれば	shiyō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Synonyms edit

使(つか)う (tsukau), 用(もち)いる (mochiiru)

References edit

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean edit

Hanja in this term
使	用

Noun edit

使用 • (sayong) (hangeul 사용)

Hanja form^? of 사용 (“use, usage”).

Vietnamese edit

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
使	用

Verb edit

使用

chữ Hán form of sử dụng (“to use; to utilize; to employ”).

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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