U+5112, 儒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5112

[U+5111]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5113]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 9, +14, 16 strokes, cangjie input 人一月月 (OMBB), four-corner 21227, composition )

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 119, character 30
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1220
  • Dae Jaweon: page 253, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 230, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+5112

Chinese edit

trad.
simp. #
2nd round simp. 𰁡
alternative forms

𠍶
𪝥

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   



References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *njo): semantic (human) + phonetic (OC *sno).

Etymology edit

Origin obscure. Chen (2013)[1] – following Xu Shen's Shuowen Jiezi, etc. – links (OC *njo, “sorcerers, intellectuals, government officials, Confucians”) to (OC *mlju, “soft”) and (OC *noːls, *njo, “weak, timid”) "probably derived from the nature of the profession, registered by softness, suppleness, and flexibility".

Pronunciation edit



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʐu³⁵/
Harbin /lu²¹³/
/ʐu²¹³/
Tianjin /ʐu⁴⁵/
Jinan /lu⁵⁵/
Qingdao /y⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʐu⁴²/
Xi'an /vu²⁴/
Xining /v̩²⁴/
Yinchuan /ʐu⁵³/
Lanzhou /vu⁵³/
Ürümqi /ʐu⁵¹/
/vu⁵¹/
Wuhan /y²¹³/
Chengdu /zu³¹/
Guiyang /zu²¹/
Kunming /ʐu²¹²/
Nanjing /ʐu²⁴/
Hefei /ʐu²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /zu⁵³/
Pingyao /zz̩ʷ¹³/
Hohhot /ʐu⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /zz̩²³/
Suzhou /zz̩ʷ¹³/
Hangzhou /zz̩ʷ²¹³/
Wenzhou /zz̩³¹/
Hui Shexian /y⁴⁴/
Tunxi /y⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /y¹³/
Xiangtan /y¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ɵ⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /i¹¹/
Taoyuan /ʒï¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jy²¹/
Nanning /y²¹/
Hong Kong /jy²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /lu³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /y⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /y²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /zu⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /zu³¹/
/zi³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (38)
Final () (24)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter nyu
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ȵɨo/
Pan
Wuyun
/ȵio/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȵʑio/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ȵuə̆/
Li
Rong
/ȵio/
Wang
Li
/ȵʑĭu/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ȵʑi̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jyu4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ nyu ›
Old
Chinese
/*no/
English 侏儒 zhūrú "dwarf", scholar, Confucianism
(not in original list)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 13969
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*njo/

Definitions edit

  1. scholar; learned person
    外史  ―  lín wàishǐ  ―  Unofficial History of the Scholars (a satirical novel by 吳敬梓 Wu Jingzi)
  2. Confucian; Ruist
  3. Confucianism; Ruism
  4. weak; cowardly
  5. a surname

Compounds edit

References edit

  1. ^ Chen, Yong (2013) Confucianism as Religion: Controversies and Consequences. Series: Religion in Chinese Societies, Volume 5. Leiden: Brill. pp. 26-29

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. Confucianism
  2. Confucianist

Readings edit

Compounds edit

Korean edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Chinese (MC nyu).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᅀᅲᆼ (Yale: zyù)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 션븨 (Yale: syènpùy) ᅀᅲ (Yale: zyù)

Pronunciation edit

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 선비 (seonbi yu))

  1. Hanja form? of (scholar).
  2. Hanja form? of (Confucianism).

Compounds edit

References edit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

: Hán Nôm readings: nho[1][2][3][4][5][6], nhu[1][2][5][7], nhô[8][6]

  1. scholar
  2. Ruism, Confucianism

References edit