Chinese edit

 
primary; first; fundamental
primary; first; fundamental; dollar; (dynasty)
 
head; chief; first (occasion)
head; chief; first (occasion); first (thing); measure word for poems
simp. and trad.
(元首)
 
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Pronunciation edit



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/2
Initial () (31) (26)
Final () (66) (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed Open
Division () III III
Fanqie
Baxter ngjwon syuwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋʉɐn/ /ɕɨuX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋʷiɐn/ /ɕiuX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋiuɐn/ /ɕiəuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋuan/ /ɕuwX/
Li
Rong
/ŋiuɐn/ /ɕiuX/
Wang
Li
/ŋĭwɐn/ /ɕĭəuX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋi̯wɐn/ /ɕi̯ə̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yuán shǒu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jyun4 sau2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yuán shǒu
Middle
Chinese
‹ ngjwon › ‹ syuwX ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ŋ]o[r]/ (< nasal + uvular) /*l̥uʔ/
English head; first head

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/2
No. 16145 11671
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ŋon/ /*hljuʔ/

Noun edit

元首

  1. head of state
  2. monarch; sovereign; king; ruler
  3. (Classical Chinese) beginning
  4. (Classical Chinese, literally) head

Synonyms edit

  • (head):

Proper noun edit

元首

  1. (historical or Internet slang) Führer (the title of Adolf Hitler when he was the leader of Nazi Germany)

Japanese edit

Etymology 1 edit

Kanji in this term
げん
Grade: 2
しゅ
Grade: 2
kan’on goon
 元首 on Japanese Wikipedia

From Middle Chinese compound 元首 (MC ngjwon syuwX, literally “first, prime + head”).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

(げん)(しゅ) (genshu

  1. head of state (the chief public representative of a nation), ruler, sovereign
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term
もと
Grade: 2
くび
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Compound of (moto, origin, base) +‎ (kubi, neck, head).[2]

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [mo̞to̞kɯ̟ᵝbʲi]

Noun edit

(もと)(くび) (motokubi

  1. (rare) the base of the neck
  2. (rare) (by extension upwards) the head
Usage notes edit

The kun'yomi reading of motokubi is rare for this term.[1]

References edit

  1. 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean edit

Hanja in this term

Noun edit

元首 (wonsu) (hangeul 원수)

  1. Hanja form? of 원수 (sovereign; head of state).