先天

Chinese

		early; prior; former early; prior; former; in advance; first	day; sky; heaven
simp. and trad. (先天)		先	天

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiāntiān

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢ ㄊㄧㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sin¹ tin¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sian-thian

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiāntiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢ ㄊㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siantian
    • Wade–Giles: hsien¹-tʻien¹
    • Yale: syān-tyān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiantian
    • Palladius: сяньтянь (sjanʹtjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sin¹ tin¹
    • Yale: sīn tīn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sin¹ tin¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: xin¹ tin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːn⁵⁵ tʰiːn⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sian-thian
    • Tâi-lô: sian-thian
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sientiefn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siɛn³³ tʰiɛn³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

Noun

先天

1. nature (as opposed to nurture)

   先天與後天／先天与后天  ―  xiāntiān yǔ hòutiān  ―  nature and nurture

Antonyms

• 後天／后天 (hòutiān)

Adjective

先天

1. (of a disease or trait) congenital; inherited; innate; inborn

Synonyms

• 天生 (tiānshēng)

Derived terms

• 先天缺陷 (xiāntiān quēxiàn)

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
先	天
せん Grade: 1	てん Grade: 1
on’yomi

Etymology

Appeared in 致知啓蒙 (Chichi Keimō) of 1874 as a translation of Latin a posteriori.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) せんてん [sèńtéń] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [sẽ̞ntẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

先(せん)天(てん) • (senten) 

1. something one is born with; something one has since birth

Antonyms

• 後天(こうてん) (kōten)

Derived terms

• 先(せん)天(てん)性(せい) (sentensei)
• 先(せん)天(てん)説(せつ) (sentensetsu)
• 先(せん)天(てん)的(てき) (sententeki)
• 先(せん)天(てん)梅(ばい)毒(どく) (senten baidoku)

Korean

Hanja in this term
先	天

Noun

先天 • (seoncheon) (hangeul 선천)

1. Hanja form^? of 선천.