Wiktionary

克

See also: 剋
克 U+514B, 克
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-514B
← 兊
[U+514A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 兌 →
[U+514C]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

Stroke order
 

克 (Kangxi radical 10, 儿+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 十口竹山 (JRHU), four-corner 40216, composition ⿱古儿 or ⿱十兄)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 124, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1355
  • Dae Jaweon: page 263, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 269, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+514B

Chinese edit

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 克
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       
Oracle bone script
 

j16985

 

j16986

 

j16987

 

j16988

 

j16989

 

j16990

 

j16991

 

j16992

 

j16993

 

j16994

 

j16995

 

j16996

 

j16997

 

j16998

 

j16999

 

j17000

 

j17001

 

j17002

 

j17003

 

j17004

 

j17005

 

j17006

 

j17007

 

j17008

 

j17009

 

j17010

 

j17011

 

j17012

 

j17013

 

j17014

 

j17015

 

j17016

 

j17017

 

j17018

Bronze inscriptions
 

b10909

 

b10910

 

b10911

 

b10912

 

b10913

 

b10914

 

b10915

 

b10916

 

b10917

 

b10918

 

b10919

 

b10920

 

b10921

 

b10922

 

b10923

 

b10924

 

b10925

 

b10926

 

b10927

 

b10928

 

b10929

 

b10930

 

b10931

 

b10932

 

b10933

 

b10934

 

b10935

 

b10936

 

b10937

 

b10938

Small seal script
 

s04991

Transcribed ancient scripts
 

L38195

 

L38196

 

L38197

 

L38198

 

L38199

 

L27880

 

L27881

 

L27882

 

L27883

 

L27884

 

L27885

 

L27886

 

L27887

 

L27888

 

L27889

 

L27890

 

L27891

 

L27892

 

L27893

 

L27894

 

L27895

 

L27896

 

L27897

 

L27898

 

L27899

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (克) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
克 *kʰɯːɡ
剋 *kʰɯːɡ
勊 *kʰɯːɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : a battle helmet 由 and a pelt 皮 – "to defeat; to vanquish". Alternatively, pictogram (象形) : a person 卩 carrying something 由 over their shoulders – "to shoulder; to be competent".

Also Simplified from 剋.

Etymology 1 edit

simp. and trad.
 克
“gram”
Short for 克蘭姆／克兰姆, from French gramme.
Tibetan measuring vessel, Tibetan volume unit, Tibetan area unit
From Tibetan ཁལ (khal).

Pronunciation edit

Rime
Character 克
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 登 (131)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 苦得切
Baxter khok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kʰək̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʰək̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kʰək̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kʰək̚/
Li
Rong 		/kʰək̚/
Wang
Li 		/kʰək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kʰək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		ke
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hak1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 克
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		kè
Middle
Chinese 		‹ khok ›
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰˁək/
English carry; able; dominate

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 克
Reading # 1/1
No. 7480
Phonetic
component 		克
Rime
group 		職
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		刻
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰɯːɡ/
Notes 甲金文象人首頂物回手叉腰示勝任，
轉註爲勊

Definitions edit

克

  1. (literary) to be able to
    克勤克儉／克勤克俭  ―  kèqínkèjiǎn  ―  hardworking and thrifty
  2. to defeat; to vanquish; to conquer
    Synonyms: 剋, 戰勝／战胜 (zhànshèng)
    克敵／克敌  ―  kèdí  ―  to defeat the enemy
  3. to subdue; to restrain
    克制  ―  kèzhì  ―  to restrain
  4. to digest
    克食  ―  kèshí  ―  to aid digestion
  5. to set (a time limit)
    克日  ―  kèrì  ―  to set a date
  6. (dialectal) Pronunciation spelling of 去.
  7. gram (g)
    1市兩等於50克。／1市两等于50克。  ―  1 shìliǎng děngyú 50 kè.  ―  1 market tael is equivalent to 50 grams.
  8. a Tibetan unit of volume or dry measure
  9. a Tibetan unit of land area
See also edit
Usage notes edit

It is commonly used to transcribe the /k/ sound in words of foreign languages not immediately followed by a vowel, e.g. 傑克／杰克 (Jiékè, “Jack”), 法蘭克福／法兰克福 (Fǎlánkèfú, “Frankfurt”), 克羅地亞／克罗地亚 (Kèluódìyà, “Croatia”), etc..

Compounds edit

Etymology 2 edit

Pronunciation edit

Definitions edit

克 (Hokkien)

  1. to bear; to endure
  2. Alternative form of 𣁳 (khat)

Compounds edit

Etymology 3 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 克 – see 剋 (“to counteract; to work against; to conflict; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 剋).
Notes:

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

克

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. to overcome, to subdue (addiction, disease)
  2. to restrain (oneself)

Readings edit

Compounds edit

Korean edit

Hanja edit

克 (eumhun 이길 극 (igil geuk))

  1. Hanja form? of 극 (“to win; to beat; able; competent”).

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

克: Hán Nôm readings: khắc

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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