Japanese edit

Etymology 1 edit

Kanji in this term
はい
Grade: 1
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
這入る
挿入る (neologism, sex)

From older 這い入る (haiiru, older pronunciation faiiru), itself a compound of 這い (to crawl, continuative form) +‎ 入る (iru, to enter, to go in).[1][2][3][4]

  • /faiiru//fairu//hairu/

This shortened hairu form is first attested from the early 1200s.[1]

Pronunciation edit

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "入る"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
入る いる [háꜜìrù]
Imperative (命令形) 入れ いれ [háꜜìrè]
Key constructions
Passive 入られる いられ [hàíráréꜜrù]
Causative 入らせる いらせ [hàíráséꜜrù]
Potential 入れる いれ [hàíréꜜrù]
Volitional 入ろう いろ [hàíróꜜò]
Negative 入らない いらない [hàíráꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 入らなかった いらなかった [hàíráꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 入ります いりま [hàírímáꜜsù]
Perfective 入った いった [háꜜìttà]
Conjunctive 入って いって [háꜜìttè]
Hypothetical conditional 入れば いれば [háꜜìrèbà]

Verb edit

(はい) (hairuintransitive godan (stem (はい) (hairi), past (はい)った (haitta))

  1. [from early 1200s] to enter, go into, get into a place or a thing
    ()()(はい)
    o-furo ni hairu
    get in the bath
    (たい)(さく)(けん)(とう)(はい)
    taisaku no kentō ni hairu
    enter countermeasure discussion → start discussing plans for countermeasures
    ()(れつ)(はい)ったタイヤ
    kiretsu ga haitta taiya
    tire with cracks that have entered it → a cracked tire
    Antonym: 出る (deru, to leave, to exit, to go out)
    1. [from early 1900s] to join a group or organization
  2. [from late 1700s] to be contained (in), to be included (in)
  3. to be a member of a group, set, category
    (せん)(せい)バナナおやつ(はい)りますか?
    Sensei, banana wa o-yatsu ni hairimasu ka?
    Teacher, do bananas count as snacks? (rhetorical question in popular culture)
  4. to be in a container, building, etc.
    • 2007, 新時代日漢辭典新时代日汉辞典 (Xīn Shídài Rì-hàn Cídiǎn), 1st edition, 大新書局大新书局 (Dàxīn Shūjú), →ISBN:
      この()()には(ひゃく)(にん)(はい)れる
      Kono heya ni wa hyaku-nin haireru.
      In this room, one hundred people can enter → This room can contain a hundred people.
  5. [from 1869] to enter a period of time
    (れい)()()(だい)(はい)(ばん)(はい)
    Reiwa jidai ni hairu, ban ni hairu
    to enter the Reiwa era, to enter into evening
  6. [from 1902] to be included and available for use
    ノートに(けい)(はい)った
    nōto ni kei ga haitta
    in the notebook, lines are in it → the notebook has lines in it → the notebook has ruled pages
Conjugation edit
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
kun’yomi
Japanese verb pair
active ()れる (()れる)
mediopassive () (())

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Man'yōshū of 759.[6]

For the development of the to be necessary sense, consider the English phrase to come into it in the sense to be a factor in something. In modern usage, this particular sense is more commonly spelled as 要る.

Pronunciation edit

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "入る"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
入る [ìrú]
Imperative (命令形) 入れ [ìré]
Key constructions
Passive 入られる られる [ìrárérú]
Causative 入らせる らせる [ìrásérú]
Potential 入られる られる [ìrárérú]
Volitional 入ろう [ìróꜜò]
Negative 入らない らない [ìránáí]
Negative perfective 入らなかった らなかった [ìránáꜜkàttà]
Formal 入ります りま [ìrímáꜜsù]
Perfective 入った った [ìttá]
Conjunctive 入って って [ìtté]
Hypothetical conditional 入れば [ìréꜜbà]

Verb edit

() (iruintransitive godan (stem () (iri), past ()った (itta))

  1. [from 759] to go in; to come in
    • 2007, 新時代日漢辭典新时代日汉辞典 (Xīn Shídài Rì-hàn Cídiǎn), 1st edition, 大新書局大新书局 (Dàxīn Shūjú), →ISBN:
      (おれ)(みみ)(みず)()った
      Ore no mimi ni mizu ga itta
      Water went in my ear
  2. [from 900s] 要る: to be necessary, to be required
    (かね)いる
    okane ga iru ne
    money comes into it → money is needed → you'll need money
Usage notes edit
  • Mostly confined to fixed expressions and idioms.
Conjugation edit
Idioms edit
Related terms edit

Verb edit

() (irutransitive nidan

  1. to put something into something else
Conjugation edit

Derived terms edit

References edit

  1. 1.0 1.1 入・這入”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. 5.0 5.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  6. ^ 入・要”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten)[2] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.