See also: and
U+51B0, 冰
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-51B0

[U+51AF]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+51B1]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 
Traditional
Simplified
Japanese
Korean

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 15, +4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 戈一水 (IME), four-corner 32130, composition )

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 131, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1612
  • Dae Jaweon: page 294, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 295, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+51B0

Chinese edit

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Vulgar character
     

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *pŋrɯŋ, *ŋrɯŋ): semantic + phonetic (OC *pŋrɯŋ, *ŋrɯŋ). The above vulgar character in Shuowen Jiezi is (níng).

Etymology 1 edit

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-p(w)am (to freeze; snow) (provisionally reconstructed). Compare Proto-Tani *pam (snow), Japhug jpɣom (to freeze), tɤjpɣom (ice) (STEDT; Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019). Cognate with (OC *rɯŋ, “ice”) and possibly (OC *ŋrɯŋ, “to congeal”) (STEDT; Baxter and Sagart, 2014). STEDT also includes (OC *pʰaːŋ, “heavy (snowfall)”) and (OC *qraŋ, “snowflake”) in its Chinese comparandum.

Alternatively, this may be related to Old Khmer ប្រិង៑ (to harden; to solidify),[1] from រិង៑ (to dry up), although the meanings are difficult to reconcile (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation edit



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /piŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /piŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /piŋ²¹/
Jinan /piŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /piŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /piŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /piŋ²¹/
Xining /piə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /piŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /pĩn³¹/
Ürümqi /piŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /pin⁵⁵/
Chengdu /pin⁵⁵/
Guiyang /pin⁵⁵/
Kunming /pĩ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /pin³¹/
Hefei /pin²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /piəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /piŋ¹³/
Hohhot /pĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /piŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /pin⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /pin³³/
Wenzhou /peŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /piʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /pɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /pin³³/
Xiangtan /pin³³/
Gan Nanchang /pin⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /pen⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /pen²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /peŋ⁵³/
Nanning /peŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /piŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /piŋ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /piŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /pain⁵⁴/
/peiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /piã³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔbeŋ²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (1)
Final () (133)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter ping
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pɨŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/pɨŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/pieŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/piŋ/
Li
Rong
/piəŋ/
Wang
Li
/pĭəŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pi̯əŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
bīng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
bing1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
bīng
Middle
Chinese
‹ ping ›
Old
Chinese
/*p.rəŋ/ (dialect: *p.r- > *pr-)
English ice

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 856
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*pŋrɯŋ/

Definitions edit

  1. ice (Classifier: m)
      ―  bīngkuài  ―  ice cube
  2. ice-cold
  3. to freeze; to ice
  4. (slang, drug) methamphetamine; meth; ice
      ―  liūbīng  ―  to smoke meth
  5. a surname: Bing
Synonyms edit
  • (ice):

Compounds edit

Etymology 2 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to coagulate; to congeal; to freeze; to focus; to concentrate; etc.”).
(This character is an ancient form of ).

References edit

  1. ^ Jenner, P. 2009. Dictionary of Pre-Angkorian Khmer and Dictionary of Angkorian Khmer. Pacific Linguists. [1]

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. Alternative form of

Readings edit

Korean edit

Hanja edit

(eumhun 얼음 (eoreum bing))

  1. Alternative form of (Hanja form? of (ice).)

References edit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese edit

Alternative forms edit

Han character edit

: Hán Việt readings: băng ((bi)(lăng)(thiết))[2][3][4][5]
: Nôm readings: băng[2][4][5][6], phăng[4][7][5][6], bâng[2][4][7], văng[3][4], bưng[4]

  1. chữ Hán form of băng (ice).

Compounds edit

References edit