北極熊

See also: 北极熊

Chinese

		the North Pole	bear; to scold; to rebuke
trad. (北極熊)		北極	熊
simp. (北极熊)		北极	熊

Etymology

Compare Japanese 北極熊 (hokkyokuguma), Korean 북극곰 (Bukgeukgom), Vietnamese gấu Bắc Cực, all of which literally mean “arctic bear”.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): běijíxióng

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄟˇ ㄐㄧˊ ㄒㄩㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bak¹ gik⁶ hung⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pet-khi̍t-yùng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): pak-ke̍k-hîm / pak-kia̍k-hîm

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bag⁴ gêg⁸ him⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: běijíxióng
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄟˇ ㄐㄧˊ ㄒㄩㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: běijísyóng
    • Wade–Giles: pei³-chi²-hsiung²
    • Yale: běi-jí-syúng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: beeijyishyong
    • Palladius: бэйцзисюн (bɛjczisjun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bak¹ gik⁶ hung⁴
    • Yale: bāk gihk hùhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bak⁷ gik⁹ hung⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: beg¹ gig⁶ hung⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɐk̚⁵ kɪk̚² hʊŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pet-khi̍t-yùng
    • Hakka Romanization System: bed` kid iungˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bed<sup>5</sup> kid<sup>6</sup> yung<sup>2</sup>
    • Sinological IPA: /pet̚² kʰit̚⁵ i̯uŋ¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pet-khi̍t-yùng
    • Hakka Romanization System: bed` kid (r)iungˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bed⁵ kid⁶ yung²
    • Sinological IPA: /pet̚² kʰit̚⁵ (j)i̯uŋ¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pak-ke̍k-hîm
    • Tâi-lô: pak-ki̍k-hîm
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pakkeghiim
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² him²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² him²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pak̚³²⁻⁵ kiɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ him¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pak-kia̍k-hîm
    • Tâi-lô: pak-kia̍k-hîm
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pakkiaghiim
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiak̚²⁴⁻² him²⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: bag⁴ gêg⁸ him⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pak ke̍k hîm
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pak̚²⁻⁴ kek̚⁴⁻² him⁵⁵/

Noun

北極熊

1. polar bear

Synonyms

• 白熊 (báixióng)

Japanese

北極熊

Kanji in this term
北	極	熊
ほく > ほっ Grade: 2	きょく Grade: 4	くま > ぐま Grade: 4

Alternative spelling
北極グマ

Etymology

Compound of 北極 (Hokkyoku, “North Pole; Arctic”) +‎ 熊 (kuma, “bear”). The kuma changes to guma as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Compare Chinese 北極熊／北极熊 (běijíxióng), Korean 북극곰 (Bukgeukgom), Vietnamese gấu Bắc Cực, all of which literally mean “arctic bear”.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ほっきょく​ぐま [hòkkyókúꜜgùmà] (Nakadaka – [4])
• IPA^(key): [ho̞k̚ʲkʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝɡɯ̟ᵝma̠]

Noun

北(ほっ)極(きょく)熊(ぐま) or 北極熊(ほっきょくグマ) or 北極熊(ホッキョクグマ) • (Hokkyokuguma) ^{←ほくきよくぐま (fokukyokuguma) or ホクキヨクグマ (fokukyokuguma)?}

1. a polar bear

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ホッキョクグマ.

Synonyms

• 白(しろ)熊(くま) (shirokuma)