Wiktionary

基

基 U+57FA, 基
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-57FA
← 培
[U+57F9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 埻 →
[U+57FB]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 

Han character edit

基 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿金土 (TCG), four-corner 44104, composition ⿱其土)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 231, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5197
  • Dae Jaweon: page 468, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 449, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+57FA

Chinese edit

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 基
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
         
Characters in the same phonetic series (其) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
基 *kɯ
箕 *kɯ
朞 *kɯ
稘 *kɯ
萁 *kɯ, *ɡɯ
期 *kɯ, *ɡɯ
諅 *kɯ, *ɡɯs
其 *kɯ, *ɡɯ
錤 *kɯ, *ɡɯ
諆 *kɯ, *kʰɯ
欺 *kʰɯ
娸 *kʰɯ
魌 *kʰɯ
僛 *kʰɯ
唭 *kʰɯs
棋 *ɡɯ
旗 *ɡɯ
淇 *ɡɯ
祺 *ɡɯ, *ɡɯ
琪 *ɡɯ
騏 *ɡɯ
綦 *ɡɯ
麒 *ɡɯ
蜞 *ɡɯ
綨 *ɡɯ
蜝 *ɡɯ
棊 *ɡɯ
碁 *ɡɯ
鯕 *ɡɯ
踑 *ɡɯ
藄 *ɡɯ
櫀 *ɡɯ
璂 *ɡɯ
禥 *ɡɯ
惎 *ɡɯs
帺 *ɡɯs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯ) : phonetic 其 (OC *kɯ, *ɡɯ) + semantic 土 (“earth”) – a foundation of earth.

Etymology 1 edit

simp. and trad.
 基
alternative forms
 
𡉊
𡉨
𡉝
𡋵
踑
𡉊
𡉨
𡉝
𡋵
踑
𨄎

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation edit

Rime
Character 基
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居之切
Baxter ki
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɨ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kɨ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kɨ/
Li
Rong 		/kiə/
Wang
Li 		/kĭə/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ki/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gei1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 基
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jī
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ki ›
Old
Chinese 		/*k(r)ə/
English base (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 基
Reading # 1/1
No. 9930
Phonetic
component 		其
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		姬
Old
Chinese 		/*kɯ/

Definitions edit

基

  1. † foot of a wall; foundation
  2. base of any building; foundations; basis
  3. (figurative) basis; foundation; base
  4. † to lay a foundation
  5. cardinal; basic; capital; fundamental
  6. (chemistry) radical; group
  7. † Alternative form of 朞 (“whole year, month or day”)
  8. Short for 基隆 (Jīlóng, “Keelung”).
    北北基  ―  Běi Běi Jī  ―  Taipei, New Taipei and Keelung
  9. a surname

Compounds edit

Etymology 2 edit

simp. and trad.
 基
alternative forms 㚻
gay

Borrowed from English gay, via Cantonese.

Pronunciation edit

Definitions edit

基

  1. (neologism, slang) gay; homosexual (noun)
    搞基  ―  gǎojī  ―  to be gay; to engage in homosexual activities
  2. (neologism, slang) gay; homosexual (adjective)
    基友  ―  jīyǒu  ―  gay buddy

Synonyms edit

  • (Hong Kong Cantonese) hehe
  • (feminine connotation) 姬 (jī)

Compounds edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

基

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. base
  2. be based on

Readings edit

Compounds edit

Etymology 1 edit

Proper noun edit

基(もとい) • (Motoi) 

  1. a male given name
  2. a surname

Etymology 2 edit

Noun edit

Kanji in this term
基
もと
Grade: 5
kun’yomi

基(もと) • (moto) 

  1. Alternative form of 元
  2. (chemistry) a group; a radical

Etymology 3 edit

Affix edit

基(き) • (ki) 

  1. foundation; base; basis
  2. (chemistry) a group; a radical
    アミノ基 ― aminoki ― an amino group

Counter edit

基(き) • (-ki) 

  1. counter for grounded things (e.g. pyramids, electric power plants, wells, toro (Japanese traditional lantern), tombs)
  2. counter for wooden grave tablets (卒塔婆 (sotoba))

Korean edit

Hanja edit

基 (eumhun 터 기 (teo gi))

  1. Hanja form? of 기 (“foundation; basis”).

Compounds edit

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

基: Hán Nôm readings: cơ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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