堤防

Chinese

		dike	to protect; to defend; to guard (against)
simp. and trad. (堤防)		堤	防

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dīfáng, tífáng

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧ ㄈㄤˊ, ㄊㄧˊ ㄈㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tai⁴ fong⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dīfáng
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄧ ㄈㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: difáng
    • Wade–Giles: ti¹-fang²
    • Yale: dī-fáng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: difarng
    • Palladius: дифан (difan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti⁵⁵ fɑŋ³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 堤防 提防

      
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; variant in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tífáng
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˊ ㄈㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tífáng
    • Wade–Giles: tʻi²-fang²
    • Yale: tí-fáng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyifarng
    • Palladius: тифан (tifan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi³⁵ fɑŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: tai⁴ fong⁴
    • Yale: tàih fòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tai⁴ fong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tei⁴ fong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɐi̯²¹ fɔːŋ²¹/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 堤防 提防

Noun

堤防

1. dike; embankment; levee

Synonyms

• 堤
• 堤壩／堤坝 (dībà)
• 堤岸 (dī'àn)
• 塘 (táng)
• 大壩／大坝 (dàbà)
• 水壩／水坝 (shuǐbà)
• 防 (fáng) (literary, or in compounds)

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
堤	防
てい Grade: S	ぼう Grade: 5
on’yomi

Etymology

/teibau/ → /teibɔː/ → /teiboː/

From Middle Chinese compound 堤防 (dei? bjang, literally “dike, embankment + dike”). Compare modern Cantonese reading tai⁴ fong⁴.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) てーぼー [tèébóó] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [te̞ːbo̞ː]

Noun

堤(てい)防(ぼう) • (teibō) ^{←ていばう (teibau)?}

1. a levee, an embankment along a body of water, a dike
   • 1949, 豊島与志雄, 男ぎらい:

     小(ちい)さな道(みち)を行(い)き、少(すこ)しく上(あが)ると、河(かわ)の堤防(ていぼう)の上(うえ)に出(で)ます。

     Chīsana michi o iki, sukoshiku agaru to, kawa no teibō no ue ni demasu.

     If you go down the narrow path and go up a little, you'll get to the top of the river embankment.

See also

• 盛土(もりつち) (moritsuchi), 盛土(もりど) (morido): a mound; a man-made embankment (not necessarily along a body of water), banking

Verb

堤(てい)防(ぼう)する • (teibō suru) ^{←ていばう (teibau)?}suru (stem 堤(てい)防(ぼう)し (teibō shi), past 堤(てい)防(ぼう)した (teibō shita))

1. to block off with an embankment

Conjugation

Conjugation of "堤防する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	堤防し	ていぼうし	teibō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	堤防し	ていぼうし	teibō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	堤防する	ていぼうする	teibō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	堤防する	ていぼうする	teibō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	堤防すれ	ていぼうすれ	teibō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	堤防せよ¹ 堤防しろ²	ていぼうせよ¹ ていぼうしろ²	teibō seyo¹ teibō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	堤防される	ていぼうされる	teibō sareru
Causative	堤防させる 堤防さす	ていぼうさせる ていぼうさす	teibō saseru teibō sasu
Potential	堤防できる	ていぼうできる	teibō dekiru
Volitional	堤防しよう	ていぼうしよう	teibō shiyō
Negative	堤防しない	ていぼうしない	teibō shinai
Negative continuative	堤防せず	ていぼうせず	teibō sezu
Formal	堤防します	ていぼうします	teibō shimasu
Perfective	堤防した	ていぼうした	teibō shita
Conjunctive	堤防して	ていぼうして	teibō shite
Hypothetical conditional	堤防すれば	ていぼうすれば	teibō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

• Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN