墐

墐 U+5890, 墐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5890 ← 墏 [U+588F] CJK Unified Ideographs 墑 → [U+5891]

Translingual

Han character

墐 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 土廿中一 (GTLM), four-corner 4411₄, composition ⿰土堇)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 238, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5427
• Dae Jaweon: page 476, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 477, character 11
• Unihan data for U+5890

Chinese

simp. and trad.		墐

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (堇) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
囏	*krɯːn
螼	*kʰrɯnʔ, *kʰrɯns
堇	*ɡrɯn, *kɯnʔ
墐	*ɡrɯn, *ɡrɯns
𥎊	*ɡrɯn
僅	*ɡrɯns
瑾	*ɡrɯns
覲	*ɡrɯns
殣	*ɡrɯns
饉	*ɡrɯns
廑	*ɡrɯns
瘽	*ɡrɯns, *ɡɯn, *ɡɯnʔ
歏	*ɡrɯns
鄞	*ŋɡrɯn, *ŋɡɯn
謹	*kɯnʔ
槿	*kɯnʔ
漌	*kɯnʔ
慬	*kɯnʔ, *ɡɯn
勤	*ɡɯn
懃	*ɡɯn
懄	*ɡɯn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrɯn, *ɡrɯns) : semantic 土 (“earth; soil”) + phonetic 堇 (OC *ɡrɯn, *kɯnʔ)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jìn, jǐn (jin⁴, jin³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˋ, ㄐㄧㄣˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gan², gan⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jìn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jìn
    • Wade–Giles: chin⁴
    • Yale: jìn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinn
    • Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jǐn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jǐn
    • Wade–Giles: chin³
    • Yale: jǐn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiin
    • Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gan², gan⁶
    • Yale: gán, gahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gan², gan⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: gen², gen⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐn³⁵/, /kɐn²²/

---

• Middle Chinese: gin, ginH

Rime
Character	墐	墐
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	群 (30)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	眞 (44)	眞 (44)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	巨巾切	渠遴切
Baxter	gin	ginH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡˠiɪn/	/ɡˠiɪnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡᵚin/	/ɡᵚinH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡien/	/ɡienH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gjin/	/gjinH/
Li Rong	/ɡjĕn/	/ɡjĕnH/
Wang Li	/ɡǐĕn/	/ɡǐĕnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/gi̯ĕn/	/gi̯ĕnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qín	jìn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kan4	gan6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]rə[r]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrɯn/, /*ɡrɯns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	墐	墐
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jìn	jìn
Middle Chinese	‹ ginH ›	‹ ginH ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]rə[r]-s/	/*[ɡ]rə[r]-s/
English	plaster (v.)	bury
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	墐	墐
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	6732	6741
Phonetic component	堇	堇
Rime group	文	文
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	𥎊	僅
Old Chinese	/*ɡrɯn/	/*ɡrɯns/
Notes	同堇轉註

Definitions

墐

1. to plaster over with mud; to build with soil
2. to bury

   Synonym: 下葬 (xiàzàng)

Japanese

Kanji

墐

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): きん (kin); ごん (gon)
• Kun: ぬる (nuru, 墐る); ねばつち (nebatsuchi)

Korean

Hanja

墐 • (geun) (hangeul 근)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.