Japanese edit

Kanji in this term
うしな
Grade: 4
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
喪う
失ウ

Etymology edit

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “From classical yodan(四段活用) verb (うしな) (ushinafu), formed from うし (ushi, possibly related to ()せる (useru) or (うす) (usui)) + なふ (nafu, verb-forming suffix).”

Pronunciation edit

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "失う"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
失う しなう [ùshínáú]
Imperative (命令形) 失え しなえ [ùshínáé]
Key constructions
Passive 失われる しなわれる [ùshínáwárérú]
Causative 失わせる しなわせる [ùshínáwásérú]
Potential 失える しなえる [ùshínáérú]
Volitional 失おう しなお [ùshínáóꜜò]
Negative 失わない しなわない [ùshínáwánáí]
Negative perfective 失わなかった しなわなかった [ùshínáwánáꜜkàttà]
Formal 失います しないま [ùshínáímáꜜsù]
Perfective 失った しなった [ùshínáttá]
Conjunctive 失って しなって [ùshínátté]
Hypothetical conditional 失えば しなえ [ùshínáéꜜbà]

Verb edit

(うしな) (ushinauうしなふ (usinafu)?transitive godan (stem (うしな) (ushinai), past (うしな)った (ushinatta))

  1. to lose (possession of something)
    ()(しん)(うしな)
    jishin o ushinau
    lose confidence
    • 1945 August 14th, the Shōwa Emperor [昭和天皇], 大東亞戰爭終結ノ詔書 [Edict to end the Great East Asia War], paragraph 5, sentence 2:
      ()()(ジヤウ)(ゲキ)スル(トコロ)(ミダリ)()(タン)(シゲ)クシ(アルイ)(ドウ)(ハウ)(ハイ)(セイ)(タガヒ)()(キョク)(ミダ)(タメ)(ダイ)(ドウ)(アヤマ)(シン)()()(カイ)(ウシナ)(ゴト)キハ(チン)(モット)(コレ)(イマシ)
      Moshi sore zyau no geki suru tokoro midari ni jitan wo shige kushi arui wa doufau faisei tagafi ni jikyoku wo midari tame ni daidou wo ayamari shingi wo sekai ni usinafu ka gotoki wa Tin mottomo kore wo imashimu[.]
      Beware most strictly of any outbursts of emotion which may endanger needless complications, or any fraternal contention and strife which may create confusion, lead ye astray and cause ye to lose the confidence of the world.
      1945 translation by Tadaichi Hirakawa [平川唯一]
  2. to miss an opportunity etc.
    (まな)()(かい)(うしな)
    manabu kikai o ushinau
    miss the chance to learn something
  3. to lose a person (following their death), be bereaved of someone
    (おっと)(うしな)
    otto o ushinau
    lose one's husband

Conjugation edit

Synonyms edit

Antonyms edit

References edit

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN